Telemonitoring for TMD-Related Pain
19. august 2026 opdateret af: Amerigo Giudice, University Magna Graecia
Structured Telemonitoring as an Adjunct to Conservative Management of Temporomandibular Disorder-Related Orofacial Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
This prospective randomized clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of a structured telemonitoring protocol as an adjunct to conservative management in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD)-related orofacial pain.
Participants receive standardized conservative therapy based on behavioural counselling, habit reversal training, and home-based self-management exercises, with or without structured telemonitoring.
Clinical outcomes include pain intensity, mandibular function, and oral behaviours, assessed over a 9-month follow-up period.
The study aims to determine whether telemonitoring improves treatment adherence, behavioural modification, and clinical outcomes compared with conventional in-office follow-up.
Studieoversigt
Status
Afsluttet
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Detaljeret beskrivelse
This prospective randomized clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of a structured telemonitoring protocol as an adjunct to conservative management in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD)-related orofacial pain.
Participants receive standardized conservative therapy based on behavioural counselling, habit reversal training, and home-based self-management exercises, with or without structured telemonitoring.
Clinical outcomes include pain intensity, mandibular function, and oral behaviours, assessed over a 9-month follow-up period.
The study aims to determine whether telemonitoring improves treatment adherence, behavioural modification, and clinical outcomes compared with conventional in-office follow-up.
Undersøgelsestype
Interventionel
Tilmelding (Faktiske)
60
Fase
- Ikke anvendelig
Kontakter og lokationer
Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.
Studiesteder
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CZ
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Catanzaro, CZ, Italien, 88100
- Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro
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Deltagelseskriterier
Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.
Berettigelseskriterier
Aldre berettiget til at studere
- Voksen
- Ældre voksen
Tager imod sunde frivillige
Ingen
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adults aged 18-80 years.
- Diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD).
- Presence of chronic orofacial pain persisting for more than 30 days.
- Diagnosis of myofascial pain involving the masticatory muscles, with or without headache attributed to TMD.
- Ability to use a mobile device compatible with telemonitoring procedures.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Systemic diseases affecting pain perception or neuromuscular function (including autoimmune, neurological, or neoplastic disorders).
- History of severe orofacial trauma.
- Previous major temporomandibular joint surgery.
- Ongoing orthodontic treatment.
- Current use of occlusal splints.
- Current use of muscle relaxants or psychoactive medications.
Studieplan
Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.
Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?
Design detaljer
- Primært formål: Behandling
- Tildeling: Randomiseret
- Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
- Maskning: Tredobbelt
Våben og indgreb
Deltagergruppe / Arm |
Intervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
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Eksperimentel: Telemonitoring group (TG)
The TG received an active management protocol consisting of standard myofascial therapy combined with monthly in-office clinical evaluations and weekly structured remote interactions.
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Weekly remote monitoring through text messaging and scheduled video consultations, in addition to standard conservative management.
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Aktiv komparator: Control group (CG)
CG received conventional care based on monthly in-office clinical follow-up and standard therapeutic instructions without any form of remote monitoring.
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Behavioural counselling, habit reversal training, and home-based self-management exercises with monthly in-office follow-up.
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Hvad måler undersøgelsen?
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Maximum pain-free mouth opening (mm)
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Change in maximum pain-free mouth opening measured in millimetres (mm) as an indicator of mandibular functional improvement.
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Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Mandibular lateral excursions (mm)
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Change in right and left mandibular lateral excursion measured in millimetres (mm).
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Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Protrusive movement (mm)
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Change in maximum mandibular protrusive movement measured in millimetres (mm).
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Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Pain intensity assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Change in perceived pain intensity assessed using a 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), where higher scores indicate greater pain intensity.
Scale range is 0 to 10.
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Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Oral Behaviours Checklist (OBC) score
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Change in the frequency of oral parafunctional behaviours assessed using the Oral Behaviours Checklist (OBC).
Higher scores indicate a greater frequency of reported oral behaviours.
Scale range is 0 to 84.
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Baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 9 months (T2)
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Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere
Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.
Sponsor
Efterforskere
- Ledende efterforsker: SELENE BARONE, PhDs, DDS, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro
Publikationer og nyttige links
Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.
Generelle publikationer
- Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, Look J, Anderson G, Goulet JP, List T, Svensson P, Gonzalez Y, Lobbezoo F, Michelotti A, Brooks SL, Ceusters W, Drangsholt M, Ettlin D, Gaul C, Goldberg LJ, Haythornthwaite JA, Hollender L, Jensen R, John MT, De Laat A, de Leeuw R, Maixner W, van der Meulen M, Murray GM, Nixdorf DR, Palla S, Petersson A, Pionchon P, Smith B, Visscher CM, Zakrzewska J, Dworkin SF; International RDC/TMD Consortium Network, International association for Dental Research; Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group, International Association for the Study of Pain. Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for Clinical and Research Applications: recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network* and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Groupdagger. J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2014 Winter;28(1):6-27. doi: 10.11607/jop.1151.
- Manfredini D, Lombardo L, Siciliani G. Temporomandibular disorders and dental occlusion. A systematic review of association studies: end of an era? J Oral Rehabil. 2017 Nov;44(11):908-923. doi: 10.1111/joor.12531. Epub 2017 Jul 2.
- Ohrbach R, Dworkin SF. The Evolution of TMD Diagnosis: Past, Present, Future. J Dent Res. 2016 Sep;95(10):1093-101. doi: 10.1177/0022034516653922. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
- Ben El Hammi N, Amessegher F, Moudni S, Jouhadi EM. Physiotherapy Approaches for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Multimodal Conservative Management Strategy. Cureus. 2025 Jul 28;17(7):e88885. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88885. eCollection 2025 Jul.
- Iodice G, Michelotti A, D'Anto V, Martina S, Valletta R, Rongo R. Prevalence of psychosocial findings and their correlation with TMD symptoms in an adult population sample. Prog Orthod. 2024 Oct 14;25(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s40510-024-00538-y.
- Ohrbach R, Michelotti A. The Role of Stress in the Etiology of Oral Parafunction and Myofascial Pain. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2018 Aug;30(3):369-379. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2018.04.011. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
- Sycinska-Dziarnowska M, Maglitto M, Wozniak K, Spagnuolo G. Oral Health and Teledentistry Interest during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med. 2021 Aug 11;10(16):3532. doi: 10.3390/jcm10163532.
- Saini RS, Chopra S, Assiri YA, Alhamoudi FH, Vaddamanu SK, Chaturvedi M, Kuruniyan MS, Banakar M, Heboyan A. Impact of mHealth and eHealth on oral health literacy: A systematic review. Digit Health. 2025 Jul 21;11:20552076251360955. doi: 10.1177/20552076251360955. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
- Peck CC, Goulet JP, Lobbezoo F, Schiffman EL, Alstergren P, Anderson GC, de Leeuw R, Jensen R, Michelotti A, Ohrbach R, Petersson A, List T. Expanding the taxonomy of the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders. J Oral Rehabil. 2014 Jan;41(1):2-23. doi: 10.1111/joor.12132.
Datoer for undersøgelser
Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.
Studer store datoer
Studiestart (Faktiske)
1. januar 2025
Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)
1. juni 2026
Studieafslutning (Faktiske)
15. juli 2026
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først indsendt
10. august 2026
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
10. august 2026
Først opslået (Faktiske)
14. august 2026
Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler
Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)
21. august 2026
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
19. august 2026
Sidst verificeret
1. januar 2021
Mere information
Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse
Nøgleord
Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår
- Smerte
- Neurologiske manifestationer
- Muskuloskeletale sygdomme
- Mundsygdomme
- Stomatognatiske sygdomme
- Sygdomme i nervesystemet
- Muskelsygdomme
- Ledsygdomme
- Kæbesygdomme
- Mandibular sygdomme
- Sygdomme i kranienerve
- Kraniomandibulære lidelser
- Ansigtsnervesygdomme
- Patologiske tilstande, tegn og symptomer
- Tegn og symptomer
- Temporomandibulære ledlidelser
- Ansigtssmerter
- Ansigtsneuralgi
- Terapeutik
- Konservativ behandling
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
- 268/2021
Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)
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