Factors Associated with Time to Conversion from Active Surveillance to Treatment for Prostate Cancer in a Multi-Institutional Cohort
Lauren Folgosa Cooley, Adaeze A Emeka, Travis J Meyers, Phillip R Cooper, Daniel W Lin, Antonio Finelli, James A Eastham, Christopher J Logothetis, Leonard S Marks, Danny Vesprini, S Larry Goldenberg, Celestia S Higano, Christian P Pavlovich, June M Chan, Todd M Morgan, Eric A Klein, Daniel A Barocas, Stacy Loeb, Brian T Helfand, Denise M Scholtens, John S Witte, William J Catalona, Collaborators, Laurence H Klotz, H Ballentine Carter, Peter R Carroll, Neil E Fleshner, Monique J Roobol, Martin G Sanda, Christopher P Evans, Marc A Dall'Era, Janet L Stanford, Lisa F Newcomb, Celestia S Higano, Stacy Loeb, R Jeffrey Karnes, Franklin D Gaylis, Shilajit D Kundu, Michael Koch, Joel B Nelson, Michael S Cookson, Douglas S Scherr, Fernando J Bianco Jr, Christopher L Amling, Anthony J Costello, Ken Chow, Samir S Taneja, Niall M Corcoran, Matthew R Cooperberg, Justin R Gregg, Andrew Loblaw, Walter M Stadler, Behfar Ehdaie, Yu Jiang, Kelly L Stratton, Soroush Rais-Bahrami, Jeremiah R Dallmer, Jennifer B Gordetsky, Jeri Kim, Jianfeng Xu, Thomas Flynn, Merdie Delfin, Mufaddal Mamawala, Isabel H Lopez, Janet E Cowan, Lionne DF Venderbos, Rebecca Arnold, Dattatraya Patil, Javed Siddiqui, Irene Helenowski, Nicola Lancki, Suzanne Kolb, Maria Komisarenko, Nicole Benfante, Cherie A Perez, Sergio Garz, Danielle Barsa, Alexandre Mamodev, Jacqueline Petkewicz, Nicholas Kirwen, Olga Arsovska, Eugenia Wu, Tricia Landis, Rabia Martin, Karen Brittain, Paige Gotwald, Pam Steele, Jazmine Stockdale, Anjali Vij, Courtney Phares, Courtney Rose Dhondt, Dawn McBride, Stephen Farriester, Erin Hemken, Tuula Pera, Deimante Banionyte, Nataliya Byrne, Ann Martinez, Luc Boileau, The Prostate Cancer Foundation in Rotterdam, The Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study (PASS), Lauren Folgosa Cooley, Adaeze A Emeka, Travis J Meyers, Phillip R Cooper, Daniel W Lin, Antonio Finelli, James A Eastham, Christopher J Logothetis, Leonard S Marks, Danny Vesprini, S Larry Goldenberg, Celestia S Higano, Christian P Pavlovich, June M Chan, Todd M Morgan, Eric A Klein, Daniel A Barocas, Stacy Loeb, Brian T Helfand, Denise M Scholtens, John S Witte, William J Catalona, Collaborators, Laurence H Klotz, H Ballentine Carter, Peter R Carroll, Neil E Fleshner, Monique J Roobol, Martin G Sanda, Christopher P Evans, Marc A Dall'Era, Janet L Stanford, Lisa F Newcomb, Celestia S Higano, Stacy Loeb, R Jeffrey Karnes, Franklin D Gaylis, Shilajit D Kundu, Michael Koch, Joel B Nelson, Michael S Cookson, Douglas S Scherr, Fernando J Bianco Jr, Christopher L Amling, Anthony J Costello, Ken Chow, Samir S Taneja, Niall M Corcoran, Matthew R Cooperberg, Justin R Gregg, Andrew Loblaw, Walter M Stadler, Behfar Ehdaie, Yu Jiang, Kelly L Stratton, Soroush Rais-Bahrami, Jeremiah R Dallmer, Jennifer B Gordetsky, Jeri Kim, Jianfeng Xu, Thomas Flynn, Merdie Delfin, Mufaddal Mamawala, Isabel H Lopez, Janet E Cowan, Lionne DF Venderbos, Rebecca Arnold, Dattatraya Patil, Javed Siddiqui, Irene Helenowski, Nicola Lancki, Suzanne Kolb, Maria Komisarenko, Nicole Benfante, Cherie A Perez, Sergio Garz, Danielle Barsa, Alexandre Mamodev, Jacqueline Petkewicz, Nicholas Kirwen, Olga Arsovska, Eugenia Wu, Tricia Landis, Rabia Martin, Karen Brittain, Paige Gotwald, Pam Steele, Jazmine Stockdale, Anjali Vij, Courtney Phares, Courtney Rose Dhondt, Dawn McBride, Stephen Farriester, Erin Hemken, Tuula Pera, Deimante Banionyte, Nataliya Byrne, Ann Martinez, Luc Boileau, The Prostate Cancer Foundation in Rotterdam, The Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study (PASS)
Abstract
Purpose: We examined the demographic and clinicopathological parameters associated with the time to convert from active surveillance to treatment among men with prostate cancer.
Materials and methods: A multi-institutional cohort of 7,279 patients managed with active surveillance had data and biospecimens collected for germline genetic analyses.
Results: Of 6,775 men included in the analysis, 2,260 (33.4%) converted to treatment at a median followup of 6.7 years. Earlier conversion was associated with higher Gleason grade groups (GG2 vs GG1 adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.57, 95% CI 1.36-1.82; ≥GG3 vs GG1 aHR 1.77, 95% CI 1.29-2.43), serum prostate specific antigen concentrations (aHR per 5 ng/ml increment 1.18, 95% CI 1.11-1.25), tumor stages (cT2 vs cT1 aHR 1.58, 95% CI 1.41-1.77; ≥cT3 vs cT1 aHR 4.36, 95% CI 3.19-5.96) and number of cancerous biopsy cores (3 vs 1-2 cores aHR 1.59, 95% CI 1.37-1.84; ≥4 vs 1-2 cores aHR 3.29, 95% CI 2.94-3.69), and younger age (age continuous per 5-year increase aHR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.99). Patients with high-volume GG1 tumors had a shorter interval to conversion than those with low-volume GG1 tumors and behaved like the higher-risk patients. We found no significant association between the time to conversion and self-reported race or genetic ancestry.
Conclusions: A shorter time to conversion from active surveillance to treatment was associated with higher-risk clinicopathological tumor features. Furthermore, patients with high-volume GG1 tumors behaved similarly to those with intermediate and high-risk tumors. An exploratory analysis of self-reported race and genetic ancestry revealed no association with the time to conversion.
Keywords: human genetics; prostatic neoplasms; race factors; watchful waiting.
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Source: PubMed