Qualitative Evaluation of Baduanjin (Traditional Chinese Qigong) on Health Promotion among an Elderly Community Population at Risk for Ischemic Stroke

Guohua Zheng, Qianying Fang, Bai Chen, Hongmei Yi, Qiu Lin, Lidian Chen, Guohua Zheng, Qianying Fang, Bai Chen, Hongmei Yi, Qiu Lin, Lidian Chen

Abstract

Background. Baduanjin is a traditional Chinese qigong that has been practiced for a long time in China as a mind-body exercise in community elderly populations. The objective of this study was to qualitatively evaluate the perceived benefit of regular Baduanjin qigong in community elders. Methods. A total of 20 participants who had completed the 12-week Baduanjin qigong training were interviewed regarding their perceived effect on physical and psychological health and whether Baduanjin qigong was suitable for the elderly. Results. Almost all participants agreed that Baduanjin qigong could promote their multisystem or organ functions (e.g., digestive and circulatory systems), increase their immunity, make their bodies relax, and improve their mood and confidence. Most of the participants also agreed that Baduanjin qigong was appropriate for elderly individuals. Few individuals felt bored because of an hour Baduanjin training each day. Conclusions. The findings suggest that regular Baduanjin qigong may be potentially helpful to promote the overall physical and psychological health of elderly community populations and may be useful and feasible as a body-mind exercise in the health promotion in the elderly community populations.

References

    1. Koh T. C. Baduanjin. An ancient Chinese exercise. American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 1982;10:14–21. doi: 10.1142/s0192415x8200004x.
    1. An B.-C., Wang Y., Jiang X., et al. Effects of baduanjin exercise on knee osteoarthritis: a one-year study. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine. 2013;19(2):143–148. doi: 10.1007/s11655-012-1211-y.
    1. Chen H.-H., Yeh M.-L., Lee F.-Y. The effects of Baduanjin qigong in the prevention of bone loss for middle-aged women. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2006;34(5):741–747. doi: 10.1142/s0192415x06004259.
    1. Hsu M.-C., Wang T.-S., Liu Y.-P., Liu C.-F. Effects of baduanjin exercise on oxidative stress and antioxidant status and improving quality of life among middle-aged women. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2008;36(5):815–826. doi: 10.1142/s0192415x08006260.
    1. Chen M.-C., Liu H.-E., Huang H.-Y., Chiou A.-F. The effect of a simple traditional exercise programme (Baduanjin exercise) on sleep quality of older adults: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2012;49(3):265–273. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.09.009.
    1. Zeng Y. G., Zhou X. Q., Wang A. L., Yang B., Wang S. T. Research on the impacts of fitness Qigong Baduanjin on figure and physical function among the middle-aged and aged people. Journal of Beijing Sport University. 2005;9:1207–1209.
    1. Di Legge S., Koch G., Diomedi M., Stanzione P., Sallustio F. Stroke prevention: managing modifiable risk factors. Stroke Research and Treatment. 2012;2012:15. doi: 10.1155/2012/391538.391538
    1. Pan H. S., Feng Y. C. Clinical observation of rehabilitation therapy with health Qigong Ba Duan Jin on grade 1 hypertension of old patients. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education (Natural Science) 2010;1:4–6.
    1. Zhou X. Q., Zeng Y. Q., Yang B. L., Wang A. L. Effects of health Qigong and Baduanjin on the middle and old aged people's blood lipid. Journal of Beijing Sport University. 2007;30:795–797.
    1. Ling K., Wang J. Clinical observation of Baduanjin adjuvant treatment on 50 cases essential hypertension. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy. 2011;12:3025–3026.
    1. Wu Y. M., Lin K. L., Chen R. F. Research the intervention with Baduanjin exercise and healthy education to the 175 plasma glucose of diabetes mellitus subhealthy state. China Primary Health Care. 2008;22:80–82.
    1. Liu J. R., Guo Y. S., Zhang R. F., Li J. J., Zhang B., Jiang X. J. Effects of health Qigong and Baduanjin on the middle and old aged people's blood sugar. Chinese Journal of Gerontology. 2011;16:3196–3197.
    1. Zheng G. H., Li M. Y., Lan X. R., et al. The effect of Baduanjin exercise for physical and psychological wellbeing of college students: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2013;14, article 422 doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-14-422.
    1. Jones B. M. Changes in cytokine production in healthy subjects practicing Guolin Qigong: a pilot study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2001;1, article 8 doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-1-8.
    1. McCaffrey R., Fowler N. L. Qigong practice: a pathway to health and healing. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2003;17(2):110–116. doi: 10.1097/00004650-200303000-00006.
    1. Malterud K. Qualitative research: standards, challenges, and guidelines. The Lancet. 2001;358(9280):483–488. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(01)05627-6.
    1. Verhoef M. J., Lewith G., Ritenbaugh C., Boon H., Fleishman S., Leis A. Complementary and alternative medicine whole systems research: beyond identification of inadequacies of the RCT. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2005;13(3):206–212. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2005.05.001.
    1. Zheng G., Chen B., Fang Q., et al. Primary prevention for risk factors of ischemic stroke with Baduanjin exercise intervention in the community elder population: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2014;15, article 113 doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-113.
    1. Health Qigong Management Center of General Administration of Sport of China. Health Qigong-Baduanjin. Beijing, China: People's Sports Publishing House of China; 2003.
    1. Graneheim U. H., Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Education Today. 2004;24(2):105–112. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2003.10.001.
    1. Ng B. H. P., Tsang H. W. H. Psychophysiological outcomes of health qigong for chronic conditions: a systematic review. Psychophysiology. 2009;46(2):257–269. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00763.x.
    1. Wang F., Man J. K. M., Lee E.-K. O., et al. The effects of Qigong on anxiety, depression, and psychological well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013;2013:16. doi: 10.1155/2013/152738.152738
    1. Hartley L., Lee M. S., Kwong J. S., et al. Qigong for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015;6 doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010390.CD010390
    1. Yang H. G., Wei Z. A probe into the culture connotation of Baduanjin. Zhongzhou Tiyu. 2012;1:1–3.
    1. Jiang X. A shallow discussion on the dialectical relationship between Baduanjin and health keeping in Chinese medicine. Chinese Wushu Research. 2012;1:95–96.
    1. Geng Y. Q., Wang X. D. Effect of eight-length brocade exercise on mental sub-health regulation based on the theory of emotion controlled by five zang-organs. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy. 2008;23(4):348–349.
    1. Liu Y., Wang X. X., Han J. X. Studies on Qi theory of traditional Chinese medicine in past sixty years. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2014;41:2301–2304.
    1. Li T. Y., Yeh M. L. The application of qi-gong therapy to health care. Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2005;34:37–46.
    1. Antonishen K. Exercise mode heterogeneity among reported studies of the qigong practice Baduanjin. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2015;19(2):278–283. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2014.05.013.
    1. Li R., Jin L., Hong P., et al. The effect of Baduanjin on promoting the physical fitness and health of adults. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2014;2014:8. doi: 10.1155/2014/784059.784059
    1. Hankey A., McCrum S. Qigong: life energy and a new science of life. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2006;12(9):841–842. doi: 10.1089/acm.2006.12.841.
    1. Li R., Jin L., Hong P., et al. The effect of baduanjin on promoting the physical fitness and health of adults. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2014;2014:8. doi: 10.1155/2014/784059.784059
    1. Xue Z. H. A research on the effect of Baduanjin exercise on female university student's physique health. Journal of Anhui Sports Science. 2012;33:46–49.
    1. Liu H. F., Zhao L. M., An H. Y. A study of Baduanjin exercise for the mental health of college students. Journal of Beijing Sport University. 2007:149–151.
    1. Zheng G., Li M., Lan X., et al. The effect of Baduanjin exercise for physical and psychological wellbeing of college students: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2013;14, article 422 doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-14-422.
    1. Tsang H. W. H., Cheung L., Lak D. C. C. Qigong as a psychosocial intervention for depressed elderly with chronic physical illnesses. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2002;17(12):1146–1154. doi: 10.1002/gps.739.
    1. Cheng F. K. Effects of Baduanjin on mental health: a comprehensive review. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2015;19(1):138–149. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2014.11.001.
    1. Zheng G., Chen B., Fang Q., et al. Primary prevention for risk factors of ischemic stroke with Baduanjin exercise intervention in the community elder population: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2014;15(1, article 113) doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-113.
    1. Donovan J., Mills N., Smith M., et al. Quality improvement report: improving design and conduct of randomised trials by embedding them in qualitative research: protect (prostate testing for cancer and treatment) study. Commentary: presenting unbiased information to patients can be difficult. British Medical Journal. 2002;325(7367):766–770. doi: 10.1136/bmj.325.7367.766.

Source: PubMed

3
Abonnieren