Proactive enrollment of parents to tobacco quitlines in pediatric practices is associated with greater quitline use: a cross-sectional study

Jeremy E Drehmer, Bethany Hipple, Emara Nabi-Burza, Deborah J Ossip, Yuchiao Chang, Nancy A Rigotti, Jonathan P Winickoff, Jeremy E Drehmer, Bethany Hipple, Emara Nabi-Burza, Deborah J Ossip, Yuchiao Chang, Nancy A Rigotti, Jonathan P Winickoff

Abstract

Background: Every U.S. state has a free telephone quitline that tobacco users can access to receive cessation assistance, yet referral rates for parents in the pediatric setting remain low. This study evaluates, within pediatric offices, the impact of proactive enrollment of parents to quitlines compared to provider suggestion to use the quitline and identifies other factors associated with parental quitline use.

Methods: As part of a cluster randomized controlled trial (Clinical Effort Against Secondhand Smoke Exposure), research assistants completed post-visit exit interviews with parents in 20 practices in 16 states. Parents' quitline use was assessed at a 12-month follow-up interview. A multivariable analysis was conducted for quitline use at 12 months using a logistic regression model with generalized estimating equations to account for provider clustering. Self-reported cessation rates were also compared among quitline users based on the type of referral they received at their child's doctor's office.

Results: Of the 1980 parents enrolled in the study, 1355 (68 %) completed a 12-month telephone interview and of those 139 (10 %) reported talking with a quitline (15 % intervention versus 6 % control; p < .0001). Parents who were Hispanic (aOR 2.12 (1.22, 3.70)), black (aOR 1.57 (1.14, 2.16)), planned to quit smoking in the next 30 days (aOR 2.32 (1.47, 3.64)), and had attended an intervention practice (aOR 2.37 (1.31, 4.29)) were more likely to have talked with a quitline. Parents who only received a suggestion from a healthcare provider to use the quitline (aOR 0.45 (0.23, 0.90)) and those who were not enrolled and did not receive a suggestion (aOR 0.33 (0.17, 0.64)) were less likely to talk with a quitline than those who were enrolled in the quitline during the baseline visit. Self-reported cessation rates among quitline users were similar regardless of being proactively enrolled (19 %), receiving only a suggestion (25 %), or receiving neither a suggestion nor an enrollment (17 %) during a visit (p = 0.47).

Conclusions: These results highlight the enhanced clinical effectiveness of not just recommending the quitline to parents but also offering them enrollment in the quitline at the time of their child's visit to the pediatric office.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT00664261.

Keywords: Family practice; Parent; Pediatrics; Quitline; Secondhand smoke; Smoking; Smoking cessation; Telephone counseling; Tobacco; Tobacco control.

References

    1. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy people 2020: Tobacco use. . Accessed 17 March 2016.
    1. US Department of Health and Human Services . The Health Consequences of Smoking- 50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. 2014.
    1. US Department of Health and Human Services . The Health Consequences of Involuntary Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General. 2006.
    1. Fiore MC, Jaen CR, Baker TB. Treating tobacco use and dependence: Update. Clinical Practice Guideline. Rockville: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service; 2008.
    1. DiFranza JR, Lew RA. Morbidity and Mortality in Children Associated With the Use of Tobacco Products by Other People. Pediatrics. 1996;97(4):560–8.
    1. Bailey SL, Ennett ST, Ringwalt CL. Potential mediators, moderators, or independent effects in the relationship between parents’ former and current cigarette use and their children's cigarette use. Addict Behav. 1993;18(6):601–21. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(93)90015-2.
    1. Winickoff JP, Buckley VJ, Palfrey JS, Perrin JM, Rigotti NA. Intervention With Parental Smokers in an Outpatient Pediatric Clinic Using Counseling and Nicotine Replacement. Pediatrics. 2003;112(5):1127–33. doi: 10.1542/peds.112.5.1127.
    1. Newacheck PW, Stoddard JJ, Hughes DC, Pearl M. Health insurance and access to primary care for children. N Engl J Med. 1998;338(8):513–9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199802193380806.
    1. Winickoff JP, Hipple B, Drehmer J, Nabi E, Hall N, Ossip DJ, et al. The Clinical Effort Against Secondhand Smoke Exposure (CEASE) intervention: A decade of lessons learned. J Clin Outcomes Manag. 2012;19(9):414–9.
    1. Winickoff JP, Nabi-Burza E, Chang Y, Regan S, Drehmer J, Finch S, et al. Sustainability of a parental tobacco control intervention in pediatric practice. Pediatrics. 2014;134(5):933–41. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-0639.
    1. Winickoff JP, Nabi-Burza E, Chang Y, Finch S, Regan S, Wasserman R, et al. Implementation of a parental tobacco control intervention in pediatric practice. Pediatrics. 2013;132(1):109–17. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-3901.
    1. Zhu SH, Anderson CM, Tedeschi GJ, Rosbrook B, Johnson CE, Byrd M, et al. Evidence of real-world effectiveness of a telephone quitline for smokers. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(14):1087–93. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa020660.
    1. Anderson CM, Zhu SH. Tobacco quitlines: looking back and looking ahead. Tob Control. 2007;16(Suppl 1):i81–6. doi: 10.1136/tc.2007.020701.
    1. Lichtenstein E, Glasgow RE, Lando HA, Ossip-Klein DJ, Boles SM. Telephone counseling for smoking cessation: rationales and meta-analytic review of evidence. Heal Educ Res. 1996;11(2):243–57. doi: 10.1093/her/11.2.243.
    1. Stead LF, Lancaster T. Telephone counselling for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;2:CD002850.
    1. Ossip-Klein DJ, McIntosh S. Quitlines in North America: evidence base and applications. Am J Med Sci. 2003;326(4):201–5. doi: 10.1097/00000441-200310000-00010.
    1. Borland R, Balmford J, Bishop N, Segan C, Piterman L, McKay-Brown L, et al. In-practice management versus quitline referral for enhancing smoking cessation in general practice: a cluster randomized trial. Fam Pract. England. 2008;25(5):382–9. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmn046.
    1. Winickoff JP, Tanski SE, McMillen RC, Hipple BJ, Friebely J, Healey EA. A national survey of the acceptability of quitlines to help parents quit smoking. Pediatrics. 2006;117(4):e695–700. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-1946.
    1. Winickoff JP, Hillis VJ, Palfrey JS, Perrin JM, Rigotti NA. A smoking cessation intervention for parents of children who are hospitalized for respiratory illness: the stop tobacco outreach program. Pediatrics. 2003;111(1):140–5. doi: 10.1542/peds.111.1.140.
    1. Wolfenden L, Wiggers J, Campbell E, Knight J, Kerridge R, Moore K, et al. Feasibility, acceptability, and cost of referring surgical patients for postdischarge cessation support from a quitline. Nicotine Tob Res. 2008;10(6):1105–8. doi: 10.1080/14622200802097472.
    1. Bentz CJ, Bayley KB, Bonin KE, Fleming L, Hollis JF, McAfee T. The feasibility of connecting physician offices to a state-level tobacco quit line. Am J Prev Med. 2006;30(1):31–7. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2005.08.043.
    1. Willett JG, Hood NE, Burns EK, Swetlick JL, Wilson SM, Lang DA, et al. Clinical Faxed Referrals to a Tobacco Quitline. Reach, Enrollment, and Participant Characteristics. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(4):337–40. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.12.004.
    1. Gordon JS, Andrews JA, Crews KM, Payne TJ, Severson HH, Lichtenstein E. Do faxed quitline referrals add value to dental office-based tobacco-use cessation interventions? J Am Dent Assoc. 2010;141(8):1000–7. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2010.0314.
    1. Borland R, Segan CJ. The potential of quitlines to increase smoking cessation. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2006;25(1):73–8. doi: 10.1080/09595230500459537.
    1. Song G, Landau AS, Gorin TJ, Keithly L. Real-World Impact of Quitline Interventions for Provider-Referred Smokers. Am J Prev Med. 2014;47(4):392–402. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.043.
    1. Sheffer MA, Baker TB, Fraser DL, Adsit RT, McAfee TA, Fiore MC. Fax referrals, academic detailing, and tobacco quitline use: a randomized trial. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42(1):21–8. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.028.
    1. Guy MC, Seltzer RGN, Cameron M, Pugmire J, Michael S, Leischow SJ. Relationship between smokers’ modes of entry into quitlines and treatment outcomes. Am J Health Behav. 2012;36(1):3–11. doi: 10.5993/AJHB.36.1.1.
    1. Adsit RT, Fox BM, Tsiolis T, Ogland C, Simerson M, Vind LM, et al. Using the electronic health record to connect primary care patients to evidence-based telephonic tobacco quitline services: a closed-loop demonstration project. Transl Behav Med. 2014;1–9.
    1. Sharifi M, Adams WG, Winickoff JP, Guo J, Reid M, Boynton-Jarrett R. Enhancing the Electronic Health Record to Increase Counseling and Quit-Line Referral for Parents Who Smoke. Acad Pediatr. 2014;14(5):478–84. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2014.03.017.
    1. Zhu SH, Gardiner P, Cummins S, Anderson C, Wong S, Cowling D, et al. Quitline utilization rates of African-American and white smokers: The California experience. Am J Heal Promot. 2011;25(Suppl5):51–9. doi: 10.4278/ajhp.100611-QUAN-185.
    1. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups-African Americans, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics . A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health; 1998.
    1. Varghese M, Sheffer C, Stitzer M, Landes R, Brackman SL, Munn T. Socioeconomic disparities in telephone-based treatment of tobacco dependence. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(8):e76–84. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301951.
    1. Grigg M, Glasgow H. Subsidised nicotine replacement therapy. Tob Control. 2003;12(2):238–9. doi: 10.1136/tc.12.2.238-a.
    1. Macleod ZR, Charles MA, Arnaldi VC, Adams IM. Telephone counselling as an adjunct to nicotine patches in smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial. Med J Aust. 2003;179(7):349–52.
    1. Stead LF, Perera R, Lancaster T. A systematic review of interventions for smokers who contact quitlines. Tob Control. 2007;16(Suppl 1):i3–8. doi: 10.1136/tc.2006.019737.
    1. Cummins SE, Bailey L, Campbell S, Koon-Kirby C, Zhu SH. Tobacco cessation quitlines in North America: a descriptive study. Tob Control. 2007;16(Suppl 1):i9–15. doi: 10.1136/tc.2007.020370.
    1. Perry RJ, Keller PA, Fraser D, Fiore MC. Fax to quit: a model for delivery of tobacco cessation services to Wisconsin residents. WMJ. 2005;104(4):37–40,44.

Source: PubMed

Sponsoren und Mitarbeiter

Krankheiten

Drogeninterventionen

3
Abonnieren