Current approach to eating disorders: a clinical update

Phillipa Hay, Phillipa Hay

Abstract

This article presents current diagnostic conceptualisations of eating disorders, including new disorders such as binge eating disorder (BED) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). This is followed by contemporary findings in the epidemiology of eating disorders, their broad sociodemographic distribution and the increases in community prevalence. Advances and the current status of evidence-based treatment and outcomes for the main eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and BED are discussed with focus on first-line psychological therapies. Deficits in knowledge and directions for further research are highlighted, particularly with regard to treatments for BED and ARFID, how to improve treatment engagement and the management of osteopenia.

Keywords: anorexia nervosa; binge eating disorder; bulimia nervosa; epidemiology; treatment.

© 2019 The Author. Internal Medicine Journal by Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd on behalf of Royal Australasian College of Physicians.

References

    1. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edn) (DSM‐5). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
    1. World Health Organization . International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 11th Revision (ICD‐11). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019.
    1. Hay P, Mitchison D, Lopez Collado AE, González‐Chica DA, Stocks N, Touyz S. Burden and health‐related quality of life of eating disorders, including avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), in the Australian population. J Eat Disord 2017; 5: 21.
    1. Galmiche M, Déchelotte P, Lambert G, Tavolacci MP. Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000–2018 period: a systematic literature review. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109: 1402–13.
    1. Udo T, Grilo CM. Prevalence and correlates of DSM‐5–defined eating disorders in a nationally representative sample of US adults. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84: 345–54.
    1. Smink FR, Van Hoeken D, Hoek HW. Epidemiology of eating disorders: incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2012; 14: 406–14.
    1. Mulders‐Jones B, Mitchison D, Girosi F, Hay P. Socioeconomic correlates of eating disorder symptoms in an Australian population‐based sample. PLoS One 2017; 12: e0170603.
    1. Le LK, Barendregt JJ, Hay P, Mihalopoulos C. Prevention of eating disorders: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2017; 53: 46–58.
    1. Hay P, Chinn D, Forbes D, Madden S, Newton R, Sugenor L et al Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of eating disorders. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2014; 48: 977–1008.
    1. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) . Eating disorders: recognition and treatment Full guideline. 2017. Available from URL:
    1. Hilbert A, Hoek HW, Schmidt R. Evidence‐based clinical guidelines for eating disorders: international comparison. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2017; 30: 423–37.
    1. Hay PJ, Touyz S, Claudino AM, Lujic S, Smith CA, Madden S. Inpatient versus outpatient care, partial hospitalisation and waiting list for people with eating disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; CD010827.
    1. Fairburn CG. Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Eating Disorders. New York: Guilford Press; 2008.
    1. Zeeck A, Herpertz‐Dahlmann B, Friederich H‐C, Brockmeyer T, Resmark G, Hagenah U et al Psychotherapeutic treatment for anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and network meta‐analysis. Front Psych 2018; 9: 158.
    1. Le Grange D, Hughes EK, Court A, Yeo M, Crosby RD, Sawyer SM. Randomized clinical trial of parent‐focused treatment and family‐based treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 55: 683–92.
    1. Dalle Grave R, Calugi S, Sartirana M, Fairburn CG. Transdiagnostic cognitive behaviour therapy for adolescents with an eating disorder who are not underweight. Behav Res Ther 2015; 73: 79–82.
    1. Schmidt U, Startup H, Treasure J. A Cognitive‐Interpersonal Therapy Workbook for Treating Anorexia Nervosa: The Maudsley Model. Abingdon, UK:Routledge; 2018.
    1. McIntosh VV, Jordan J, Luty SE, Carter FA, McKenzie JM, Bulik CM et al Specialist supportive clinical management for anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord 2006; 39: 625–32.
    1. Zipfel S, Wild B, Groß G, Friederich HC, Teufel M, Schellberg D et al Focal psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, and optimised treatment as usual in outpatients with anorexia nervosa (ANTOP study): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2014; 383: 127–37.
    1. Attia E, Steinglass JE, Walsh BT, Wang Y, Wu P, Schreyer C et al Olanzapine versus placebo in adult outpatients with anorexia nervosa: a randomized clinical trial. AM J Psychiatry 2019; 176: 449–56.
    1. Hilbert A, Petroff D, Herpertz S, Pietrowsky R, Tuschen‐Caffier B, Vocks S et al Meta‐analysis of the efficacy of psychological and medical treatments for binge‐eating disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol 2019; 87: 91–105.
    1. Madden S, Miskovic‐Wheatley J, Clarke S, Touyz S, Hay P, Kohn MR. Outcomes of a rapid refeeding protocol in adolescent anorexia nervosa. J Eat Disord 2015; 3: 8.
    1. Schorr M, Klibanski A. Anorexia nervosa and bone. Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res 2018; 3: 74–82.
    1. Eddy KT, Tabri N, Thomas JJ, Murray HB, Keshaviah A, Hastings E et al Recovery from anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa at 22‐year follow‐up. J Clin Psychiatry 2017; 78: 184–9.
    1. Vall E, Wade TD. Predictors of treatment outcome in individuals with eating disorders: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48: 946–71.

Source: PubMed

Sponsoren und Mitarbeiter

Krankheiten

Drogeninterventionen

3
Abonnieren