Effects of a Group-Mediated Cognitive Behavioral Lifestyle Intervention on Select Social Cognitive Outcomes in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy

Brian C Focht, Alexander R Lucas, Elizabeth Grainger, Christina Simpson, Ciaran M Fairman, Jennifer M Thomas-Ahner, Zachary L Chaplow, Victoria R DeScenza, Jessica Bowman, Steven K Clinton, Brian C Focht, Alexander R Lucas, Elizabeth Grainger, Christina Simpson, Ciaran M Fairman, Jennifer M Thomas-Ahner, Zachary L Chaplow, Victoria R DeScenza, Jessica Bowman, Steven K Clinton

Abstract

Objective. To compare the effects of a group-mediated cognitive behavioral (GMCB) exercise and dietary (EX+D) intervention with those of standard-of-care (SC) treatment on select social cognitive outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Methods. In the single-blind, 2-arm, randomized controlled Individualized Diet and Exercise Adherence-Pilot (IDEA-P) trial, 32 PCa patients (mean age = 66.2 years; SD = 7.8) undergoing ADT were randomly assigned to a 12-week EX+D intervention (n = 16) or SC treatment (n = 16). The exercise component of the personalized EX+D intervention integrated a combination of supervised resistance and aerobic exercise performed twice per week. The dietary component involved counseling and education to modify dietary intake and composition. Blinded assessments of social cognitive outcomes were obtained at baseline and 2-month and 3-month follow-up. Results. Intent-to-treat analysis of covariance demonstrated that the EX+D intervention resulted in significantly greater improvements in scheduling (P < .05), coping (P < .01), and exercise self-efficacy (P < .05), and satisfaction with function (P < .01) at 3 months relative to SC. Results of partial correlation analysis also demonstrated that select social cognitive outcomes were significantly correlated with primary trial outcomes of mobility performance and exercise participation (P < .05) at 3-month follow-up. Conclusions: The GMCB lifestyle intervention yielded more favorable improvements in relevant social cognitive outcomes relative to SC among PCa patients undergoing ADT. Additionally, more favorable social cognitive outcomes were associated with superior mobility performance and exercise participation following the independent maintenance phase of the EX+D intervention.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02050906.

Keywords: oncology; patient-reported outcomes; physical activity; physical function.

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) diagram for the Individualized Diet and Exercise Adherence–Pilot (IDEA-P) trial.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Adjusted change in coping self-efficacy.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Adjusted change in scheduling self-efficacy.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Adjusted change in satisfaction with physical function.

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