Alcohol and Drug Use Among Postoperative Bariatric Patients: A Systematic Review of the Emerging Research and Its Implications

Christine E Spadola, Eric F Wagner, Frank R Dillon, Mary Jo Trepka, Nestor De La Cruz-Munoz, Sarah E Messiah, Christine E Spadola, Eric F Wagner, Frank R Dillon, Mary Jo Trepka, Nestor De La Cruz-Munoz, Sarah E Messiah

Abstract

Background: Emerging research suggests that some bariatric surgery patients are at a heightened risk for developing substance use problems, especially alcohol use problems.

Methods: An exhaustive literature review was conducted in January 2015 to investigate all articles published that included data on postoperative alcohol use, alcohol use disorders, and illicit drug use among bariatric surgery patients.

Results: Twenty-three studies reported on alcohol and/or substance use among bariatric patients. Six studies longitudinally assessed alcohol use behaviors; 3 of these studies found an increase in alcohol use following surgery. Six studies were cross-sectional, and 2 studies assessed medical records. Five studies investigated the prevalence of admissions to substance abuse treatment, and 3 studies combined alcohol and drug use data in a single index. Six studies reported on illicit drug use and reported low-postoperative use. The studies' samples were primarily non-Hispanic white females in their upper 40s, and only 11 of the 23 studies utilized validated assessment instruments.

Conclusions: Studies employing longitudinal designs and large sample sizes indicate that bariatric patients who had the gastric bypass procedure are at an elevated risk for alcohol use problems postoperatively. Research also indicates that bariatric surgery patients might be overrepresented in substance abuse treatment facilities. Risk factors for problematic postoperative alcohol use include regular or problematic alcohol use presurgery, male gender, younger age, tobacco use, and symptoms of attention deficient and hyperactivity disorder. As a whole, however, studies indicate bariatric surgery patients demonstrate a low prevalence of problematic alcohol use, and studies about gastric bypass patients are not entirely conclusive. Prospective, longitudinal studies are needed, utilizing standardized and validated alcohol assessment instruments that follow postoperative bariatric patients well beyond 2 years, and account for types of bariatric procedure. Finally, study samples with greater racial/ethnic diversity and wider age ranges are needed.

Keywords: Addiction; Alcohol; Bariatric Surgery; Drug Use; Substance Use.

Copyright © 2015 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

References

    1. Abbatini F, Capoccia D, Casella G, Soricelli E, Leonetti F, Basso N. Long-Term Remission Of Type 2 Diabetes In Morbidly Obese Patients After Sleeve Gastrectomy. Surgery For Obesity And Related Diseases. 2013;9:498–502.
    1. Adams CE, Gabriele JM, Baillie LE, Dubbert PM. Tobacco Use And Substance Use Disorders As Predictors Of Postoperative Weight Loss 2 Years After Bariatric Surgery. The Journal Of Behavioral Health Services & Research. 2012;39:462–71.
    1. Allen JP, Litten RZ, Fertig JB, Babor T. A Review Of Research On The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (Audit) Alcoholism: Clinical And Experimental Research. 1997;21:613–619.
    1. Ambwani S, Boeka AG, Brown JD, Byrne TK, Budak AR, Sarwer DB, Fabricatore AN, Morey LC, O'Neil PM. Socially Desirable Responding By Bariatric Surgery Candidates During Psychological Assessment. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013;9(2):300–5.
    1. Brown SA, Mcgue M, Maggs J, Schulenberg J, Hingson R, Swartzwelder S, Martin C, Chung T, Tapert SF, Sher K, Winters KE, Lowman C, Murphy S. A Developmental Perspective On Alcohol And Youths 16 To 20 Years Of Age. Pediatrics. 2008;121:S290–S310.
    1. Buchwald H, Avidor Y, Braunwald E, Jensen Md, Pories W, Fahrbach K, Schoelles K. Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. JAMA, The Journal Of The American Medical Association. 2004;292:1724.
    1. Buffington C. Alcohol Use And Health Risks: Survey Results. Bariatric Times. 2007;4:21.
    1. Centers For Disease Control And Prevention, U.S. Department Of Health And Human Services. Vital Signs: Binge Drinking Among Women And High School Girls-United States. Morbidity And Mortality Weekly Report. 2013;62:1.
    1. Chitwood DD, Sanchez J, Comerford M, Mccoy CB. Primary Preventative Health Care Among Injection Drug Users, Other Sustained Drug Users, And Non-Users. Substance Use & Misuse. 2001;36:807–824.
    1. Conason A, Teixeira J, Hsu CH, Puma L, Kanfo D, Geliebeter A. Substance Use Following Bariatric Weight Loss Surgery. Archives Of Surgery. 2012;148:145–50.
    1. Contreras JE, Santander C, Court I, Bravo J. Correlation Between Age And Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery. Obesity Surg. 2013;23:1286.
    1. Dawson DA, Grant BF, Stinson FS, Zhou Y. Effectiveness of the Derived Alcohol Use Disorders Indentification Test (AUDIT-C) in Screening for Alcohol Use Disorders and Risk Drinking in the US General Population. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 2005;29(5):844–854.
    1. Davis JF, Schurdak JD, Magriss IJ, Mul JD, Grayson BE, Pfluger PT, Tschöp MH, Seeley RJ, Benoit SC. Gastric Bypass Surgery Attenuates Ethanol Consumption In Ethanol-Preferring Rats. Biological Psychiatry. 2012;72:354–360.
    1. De La Cruz-Munoz N, Lopez-Mitnik G, Arheart KL, Miller TL, Lipshultz SE, Messiah SE. Effectiveness Of Bariatric Surgery In Reducing Weight And Body Mass Index Among Hispanic Adolescents. Obesity Surgery. 2013;23(2):150–156.
    1. Ertelt TW, Mitchell JE, Lancaster K, Crosby RD, Steffen KJ, Marino JM. Alcohol Abuse And Dependence Before And After Bariatric Surgery: A Review Of The Literature And Report Of A New Data Set. Surg for Obesity And Related Disease. 2008;4(5):647–650.
    1. Fogger SA. The Relationship Between Addictions And Bariatric Surgery For Nurses In Recovery. Perspectives In Psychiatric Care. 2012;48:10–15.
    1. Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Ogden CL. Prevalence Of Obesity And Trends In The Distribution Of Body Mass Index Among Us Adults, 1999-2010(Report) JAMA The Journal Of The American Medical Association. 2012;307(5):491.
    1. Hagerdorn JC, Encarnacion B, Brat GA, Morton JM. Does Gastric Bypass Alter Alcohol Metabolism? Surgery For Obesity And Related Diseases. 2007;3:543.
    1. Hajnal A, Zharikov A, Polston JE, Fields MR, Tomasko J, Rogers AM, Volkow ND, Thanos PK. Alcohol Reward Is Increased After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass In Dietary Obese Rats With Differential Effects Following Ghrelin Antagonism. Plos One. 2012;7(11):E49121.
    1. Heneghan HM, Cetin D, Navaneethan SD, Orzech N, Brethauer SA, Schauer PR. Effects Of Bariatric Surgery On Diabetic Nephropathy After 5 Years Of Follow-Up. Surgery For Obesity And Related Diseases. 2013;9(1):7–14.
    1. Kenny PJ. Common cellular and molecular mechanisms in obesity and drug addiction. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011;12(11):638–51. doi: 10.1038/nrn3105.
    1. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of general psychiatry. 2005;62(6):617–627.
    1. King WC, Chen J, Mitchell JE, Kalarchian MA, Steffen KJ, Engel SG, Courcoulas AP, Pories WJ, Yanovski SZ. Prevalence Of Alcohol Use Disorders Before And After Bariatric Surgery. JAMA : The Journal Of The American Medical Association. 2012;307(23):2516–2525.
    1. Klockhoff H, Näslund I, Jones AW. Faster Absorption Of Ethanol And Higher Peak Concentration In Women After Gastric Bypass Surgery. British Journal Of Clinical Pharmacology. 2002;54(6):587–591.
    1. Lent MR, Hayes SM, Wood GC, Napolitano MA, Argyropoulos G, Gerhard GS, Foster GD, Still CD. Smoking And Alcohol Use In Gastric Bypass Patients. Eating Behaviors. 2013;14(4):460–463.
    1. Mechanick JI, Kushner RF, Sugerman HJ, Gonzalez-Campoy JM, Collazo-Clavell ML, Spitz AF, Apovian CM, Livingston EH, Brolin R, Sarwer DB, Anderson WA, Dixon J. American Association Of Clinical Endocrinologists, The Obesity Society, And American Society For Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery Medical Guidelines For Clinical Practice For The Perioperative Nutritional, Metabolic, And Nonsurgical Support Of The Bariatric Surgery Patient. Obesity. 2009;17(S1):S3–S72.
    1. Messiah SE, Lopez-Mitnik G, Winegar D, Sherif B, Arheart KL, Reichard KW, Michalsky MP, Lipshultz SE, Miller TL, Livingstone AS, De La Cruz Muñoz N. Changes In Weight And Co-Morbidities Among Adolescents Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: 1-Year Results From The Bariatric Outcomes Longitudinal Database. Surgery For Obesity And Related Diseases. 2013;9(4):503–513.
    1. Mitchell JE, Lancaster KL, Burgard MA, Howell M, Krahn DD, Crosby RD, Wonderlich SA, Gosnell BA. Long-Term Follow-Up Of Patients' Status After Gastric Bypass. Obesity Surg. 2001;11(4):464.
    1. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG The PRISMA Group. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(6):e1000097.
    1. Nguyen NT, Masoomi H, Magno CP, Nguyen XT, Laugenour K, Lane J. Trends In Use Of Bariatric Surgery, 2003–2008. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons. 2011;213(2):261–266.
    1. Odom J, Zalesin KC, Washington TL, Miller WW, Hakmeh B, Zaremba DL, Altattan M, Balasubramaniam M, Gibbs DS, Krause KR, Chengelis DL, Franklin BA, Mccullough PA. Behavioral Predictors Of Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery. Obesity Surgery. 2010;20(3):349–356.
    1. Omalu BI, Ives DG, Buhar AM, Lindner JL, Schauer PR, Wecht CH, Kuller LH. Death Rates And Causes Of Death After Bariatric Surgery For Pennsylvania Residents, 1995 To 2004. Archives Of Surgery. 2007;142(10):923.
    1. Ostlund MP, Backman O, Marsk R, Stockeld D, Lagergren J, Rasmussen F, Näslund E. Increased Admission For Alcohol Dependence After Gastric Bypass Surgery Compared With Restrictive Bariatric Surgery. JAMA Surgery. 2013;148(4):374–377.
    1. Pickett-Blakely OE, Huizinga MM, Clark JM. Sociodemographic Trends In Bariatric Surgery Utilization In The USA. Obesity Surgery. 2012;22:838.
    1. Raebel MA, Newcomer SR, Reifler LM, Bourdreau D, Elliott TE, Debar L, Ahmed A, Pawloski PA, Fisher D, Donahoo WT, Bayliss EA. Chronic Use Of Opioid Medications Before And After Bariatric Surgery. JAMA. 2013;310(13):1369.
    1. Reslan S, Saules KK, Greenwald MK, Scuh LM. Substance Misuse Following Roux-En-Y-Gastric Bypass Surgery Substance Use And Misuse. 2014;49:405–417.
    1. Rummel CM, Heinberg LJ. Assessing Marijuana Use In Bariatric Surgery Candidates: Should It Be A Contradiction? Obesity Surgery. 2014;10:1764–70.
    1. Saules KK, Wiedemann A, Ivezah V, Hopper JA, Foster-Hartsfield J, Schwartz D. Bariatric Surgery History among Substance Abuse Treatment Patients: Prevalence and Associated Features. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2010;6:615–621.
    1. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. NSDUH Series H-48. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2014. Results from the 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of National Findings. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 14-4863.
    1. Sudan R, Winegar D, Thomas S, Morton J. Influence of ethnicity on the efficacy and utilization of bariatric surgery in the USA. Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery. 2014;18(1):130–136.
    1. Schiller J, Lucas J, Peregoy J. Summary Of Health Statistics Of U.S. Adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2011. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat. 2012;10:256.
    1. Steffen KJ, Engel SG, Pollert GA, Li C, Mitchell JE. Blood Alcohol Concentrations Rise Rapidly And Dramatically After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass. Surgery For Obesity And Related Diseases. 9:470–473.
    1. Suzuki J, Haimovici F, Chang G. Alcohol Use Disorders After Bariatric Surgery. Obesity Surgery. 2012;22(2):201–207.
    1. Svensson P, Anveden Å, Romeo S, Peltonen M, Ahlin S, Burza MA, Carlsson B, Jacobson P, Lindroos A, Lönroth H, Maglio C, Näslund I, Sjöholm K, Wedel H, Söderpalm B, Sjöström L, Carlsson LMS. Alcohol Consumption And Alcohol Problems After Bariatric Surgery In The Swedish Obese Subjects Study. Obesity. 2013;21(12):2444–2451.
    1. Tedesco M, Hua WQ, Lohnberg JA, Bellatorre N, Eisenberg D. A Prior History Of Substance Abuse In Veterans Undergoing Bariatric Surgery. Journal Of Obesity. 2013;2013:740312.
    1. Thanos PK, Subrize M, Delis F, Cooney RN, Culnan D, Sun M, Wang G, Volkow ND, Hajnal A. Gastric Bypass Increases Ethanol And Water Consumption In Diet-Induced Obese Rats. Obesity Surgery. 2012;22(12):1884–1892.
    1. Wee CC, Mukamal KJ, Huskey KW, Davis RB, Colten ME, Bolcic-Jankovic D, Apovian CM, Jones DB, Blackburn GL. High Risk Alcohol Use After Weight Loss Surgery. Surg Obes and Relat Dis. 2014;10(3):508–13.
    1. Woodard GA, Downey J, Hernandez-Boussard T, Morton JM. Impaired Alcohol Metabolism After Gastric Bypass Surgery: A Case-Crossover Trial. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons. 2011;212(2):209–214.

Source: PubMed

Sponsoren und Mitarbeiter

Krankheiten

Drogeninterventionen

3
Abonnieren