A cognitive-behavioral model of Internet gaming disorder: theoretical underpinnings and clinical implications

Abstract

Cognitive contributions to the behaviors observed in substance and non-substance addictions have been investigated and characterized. Based on models of drug addictions and the extant literature on Internet gaming disorder (IGD), we propose a cognitive-behavioral model for conceptualizing IGD. The model focuses on three domains and their roles in addictive behaviors. The three domains include motivational drives related to reward-seeking and stress-reduction, behavioral control relating to executive inhibition, and decision-making that involves weighing the pros and cons of engaging in motivated behaviors. Based on this model, we propose how behavioral therapies might target these domains in the treatment of IGD.

Keywords: Cognitive model; Decision making; Executive control; Internet gaming disorder; Reward sensation.

Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Figures

Figure 1. A cognitive-behavioral model of IGD

This figure shows proposed cognitive domains associated with IGD. The model focuses on three cognitive domains and their possible roles in addictive behaviors. The three domains include motivational drives related to reward-seeking and stress reduction, behavioral control relating to executive inhibition, and decision-making that weighs the consequences of engaging in motivated behaviors. Online gaming behaviors might further disturb executive control and reinforce rewarding online experiences, which may lead to a vicious cycle of addictive Internet game-playing. The contents framed in green boxes show potential psychological and cognitive treatments for IGD. Dashed lines indicate potential targets of intervention strategies, with further studies needed to investigate efficacies and possible mechanisms of actions.