Short-term role of the dietary total antioxidant capacity in two hypocaloric regimes on obese with metabolic syndrome symptoms: the RESMENA randomized controlled trial

Patricia Lopez-Legarrea, Rocio de la Iglesia, Itziar Abete, Isabel Bondia-Pons, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Lluis Forga, J Alfredo Martinez, M Angeles Zulet, Patricia Lopez-Legarrea, Rocio de la Iglesia, Itziar Abete, Isabel Bondia-Pons, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Lluis Forga, J Alfredo Martinez, M Angeles Zulet

Abstract

Background: Dietary strategies seem to be the most prescribed therapy in order to counteract obesity regarding not only calorie restriction, but also bioactive ingredients and the composition of the consumed foods. Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is gaining importance in order to assess the quality of the diet.

Methods: Ninety-six obese adults presenting metabolic syndrome (MetS) symptoms completed an 8-week intervention trial to evaluate the effects of a novel dietary program with changes in the nutrient distribution and meal frequency and to compare it with a dietary pattern based on the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines.Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed at baseline and at the endpoint of the study, in addition to 48-hours food dietary records.

Results: Both diets equally (p > 0.05) improved MetS manifestations. Dietary TAC was the component which showed the major influence on body weight (p = 0.034), body mass index (p = 0.026), waist circumference (p = 0.083) and fat mass (p = 0.015) reductions. Transaminases (ALT and AST) levels (p = 0.062 and p = 0.004, respectively) were associated with lower TAC values.

Conclusion: RESMENA diet was as effective as AHA pattern for reducing MetS features. Dietary TAC was the most contributing factor involved in body weight and obesity related markers reduction.

Trial registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01087086.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of the study subjects from advertisement through to the end of the 8-week intervention.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Changes on selected parameters categorized by low (<10.629 mmol day-1, n = 45) or high (>10.629 mmol day-1, n = 45) Total Antioxidant Capacity. BMI: Body Mass Index; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotranferase. p-values comparing the differences between low-TAC and high-TAC groups.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Changes on anthropometric and biochemical selected parameters regarding gender, male (n = 51) or female (n = 45). HDL-c: High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase. p -values comparing the differences between male and female groups.

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