An immediate effect of PNF specific mobilization on the angle of trunk rotation and the Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle range of motion in adolescent girls with double idiopathic scoliosis-a pilot study

A Stępień, K Fabian, K Graff, M Podgurniak, A Wit, A Stępień, K Fabian, K Graff, M Podgurniak, A Wit

Abstract

Background: Impairment of spine rotation is a key concept in several theories explaining the pathogenesis and progression of scoliosis. In previous studies, a more limited range of motion in scoliotic girls compared to their non-scoliotic peers was noted. The Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle measurement is a test used to assess the range of motion in the trunk-pelvis-hip complex in the transverse plane. The aim of this study was to assess an immediate effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation specific mobilization (mPNF) on the angle of trunk rotation and Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle range of motion in adolescent girls with double scoliosis.

Methods: The study was conducted on 83 girls aged 10 to 17 years (mean 13.7 ± 1.9) with double idiopathic scoliosis consisting of a right-sided thoracic curve (mean 25.1° ± 13.9°) and a left-sided thoracolumbar or lumbar curve (mean 20.8° ± 11.4°). The angle of trunk rotation and Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle were measured at baseline and after PNF mobilization. Bilateral lower limb patterns of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation were used in combination with the "contract-relax" technique and stimulation of asymmetrical breathing. In the statistical analysis, the SAS rel. 13.2 software was used. Preliminary statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. According to Shapiro-Wilk criterion of normality, the Wilcoxon test was used to compare paired samples. Next, the data was analyzed using multivariate GLM models.

Results: In adolescent girls with double scoliosis, significant differences between the left and right side of the body concerning the Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle ranges were noted. A single, unilateral PNF mobilization significantly decreased the angle of trunk rotation in the thoracic (p < 0.001) and lumbar spine (p < 0.001). Unilateral PNF mobilization also increased the Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle ranges on the left (p < 0.001) and right (p < 0.001) side significantly.

Conclusions: Unilateral PNF mobilization led to a decrease in the angle of trunk rotation, improvement in the range of motion, and the symmetry of mobility in the transverse plane in the trunk-pelvis-hip complex in adolescent girls with double idiopathic scoliosis. The effects should be treated only as immediate. Further studies are required to determine long-term effects of PNF mobilization on the spinal alignment.

Trial registration: ISRCTN11750900.

Keywords: Angle of trunk rotation; Idiopathic scoliosis; PNF; Physiotherapy; Rotation.

Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The study was approved by the Senate Research Ethics Committee at the Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland, SKE 01-04/2015. The parents or legal guardians of the participants were informed about the aims and signed the consent to participate in the study.

Consent for publication

The manuscript does not contain individual data. The persons in the photos signed a consent for publication.

Competing interests

AS is a certificated teacher of PNF method. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
a The Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the left (TPHAleft). b The Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the right (TPHAright)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Measurements (°) of the ATRT and ATRTm in individual participants (ATRT angle of trunk rotation in the thoracic spine before mPNF, ATRTm angle of trunk rotation in the thoracic spine after mPNF, mPNF PNF mobilization)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Measurements (°) of the ATRL and ATRLm in individual participants (ATRT angle of trunk rotation in the lumbar spine before mPNF, ATRLm angle of trunk rotation in the thoracic spine after mPNF, mPNF PNF mobilization)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Measurements (°) of the TPHAleft and mTPHAleft in individual participants (TPHAleft Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the left before mPNF, mTPHAleft Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the left after mPNF, mPNF PNF mobilization)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Measurements (°) of the TPHAright and mTPHAright in individual participants (TPHAright Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the right before mPNF, mTPHAleft Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the right after mPNF, mPNF PNF mobilization)
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
The bisector BD of the angle between the TPHAleft and TPHAright before and after mPNF (ROM range of motion, mPNF PNF mobilization, TPHAleft Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the left before mPNF, mTPHAleft Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the left after mPNF, TPHAright Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the right before mPNF, mTPHAright Trunk-Pelvis-Hip Angle on the right after mPNF, BD bisector deviation angle from the sagittal axis of the body, mBD BD after mPNF)

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