Reducing Burden for Caregivers of Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background/rationale: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of the nonpharmacological interventions reducing burden, psychological symptoms, and improving quality of life of caregivers of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Method: Databases reviewed included Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycNet, AgeLine, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Studies using an experimental/quasi-experimental design including nonpharmacological intervention were included. Four studies were included, and no meta-analysis was conducted.

Results: Calendar training and note-taking (cognitive intervention) significantly decreased caregiver's depressive symptoms and prevented worsening of subjective burden 6 months posttreatment. Daily engagement of meaningful activity combined with problem-solving therapy and educational material reduced depressive symptoms 3 months posttreatment. Moreover, educational intervention and social conversation phone calls decreased caregiver burden 3 months posttreatment.

Conclusion: Studies suggest that nonpharmacological interventions can support caregivers of older adults with MCI, but the few published articles present some bias and are inconclusive. Randomized-controlled trials targeting specifically caregivers are needed to determine the most efficient type of interventions for those individuals.

Keywords: burden; caregivers; cognitive interventions; mild cognitive impairment; nonpharmacological interventions; nutrition; physical exercises; psychological interventions; psychological symptoms; quality of life; systematic review.