Effects of Cervical and Oculomotor Exercises in Young Adults With Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Cervical exercise include Deep Neck flexor strengthening starts with the patient lie supine with knees bent.

Perform chin tuck and lift head ~2-3 cm off the surface. Hold for 5- 10 seconds. 10 repetitions, 2 sets daily.

DNF activate stabilizing neck muscles and reduce Cervicogenic Input & provides quick, non-invasive relief from BPPV.

Oculomotor exercises are used to treat BPPV and involve repeated head movements to habituate the brain to vertigo triggers.

Saccadic Eye Movement Exercises: Moving the eyes quickly between two stationary targets while keeping the head still.

Smooth Pursuit Exercises: Tracking a moving target with the eyes while keeping the head stationary.

Adaptation X1 Exercises: Moving the head horizontally while maintaining focus on a stationary target.

Adaptation X2 Exercises: Simultaneously moving the head and target in opposite directions horizontally, requiring the eyes to track the moving target.

Dynamic leap and balance test

Moderate Impairment:

Noticeable instability, excessive sway, needs extra steps to regain balance, and slower performance.

Severe Impairment:

Unable to maintain balance after landing, requires assistance, or is unable to complete the task safely.

Dix-Hall pike Test (DHT) is considered the gold standard assessment for the diagnosis of the vestibular disorder benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).

The patient starts in a sitting position and their head is turned 45° towards the side to be tested. The assessor then assists them to lie down quickly and extends their neck 20° over the end of the plinth, maintaining 45° rotation. The assessor should be able to see the patient's eyes and should observe for nystagmus. A positive response is elicited if rotational nystagmus is noted. The nystagmus will have a delayed onset of approximately 1-2 seconds following movement and it should subside after 10-20 seconds