Community-based physical activity interventions for treatment of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Ronald C Plotnikoff, Sarah A Costigan, Nandini D Karunamuni, David R Lubans, Ronald C Plotnikoff, Sarah A Costigan, Nandini D Karunamuni, David R Lubans

Abstract

Evidence suggests engaging in regular physical activity (PA) can have beneficial outcomes for adults with type 2 diabetes (TD2), including weight loss, reduction of medication usage and improvements in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)/fasting glucose. While a number of clinical-based PA interventions exist, community-based approaches are limited. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of community-based PA interventions for the treatment of TD2 in adult populations. A search of peer-reviewed publications from 2002 to June 2012 was conducted across several electronic databases to identify interventions evaluated in community settings. Twenty-two studies were identified, and 11 studies reporting HbA1c as an outcome measure were pooled in the meta-analysis. Risk of bias assessment was also conducted. The findings demonstrate community-based PA interventions can be effective in producing increases in PA. Meta-analysis revealed a lowering of HbA1c levels by -0.32% [95% CI -0.65, 0.01], which approached statistical significance (p < 0.06). Our findings can guide future PA community-based interventions in adult populations diagnosed with TD2.

Keywords: HbA1c; community-based intervention; physical activity; treatment; type two diabetes.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow of study selection through the phases of the review.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot for HbA1c.

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