Patients´ experiences of pain following day surgery - at 48 hours, seven days and three months

Helena Inger Rosén, Ingrid Helena Bergh, Anders Odén, Lena Birgitta Mårtensson, Helena Inger Rosén, Ingrid Helena Bergh, Anders Odén, Lena Birgitta Mårtensson

Abstract

Recent studies indicate that patients experience pain after day surgery for a longer period than previously known. This requires verification. This was a prospective, descriptive correlational study. A convenience sample of 298 day surgery patients undergoing various surgical procedures was asked to report pain intensity and its interference with daily function 48 hours, seven days and three months after day surgery. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. On a NRS, 55% (n=230) reported pain (≥4) 48 hours after surgery, as did 43% (n=213) at seven days. Pain interfered with normal activities at ≥4 NRS at 48 hours and at seven days, after which it decreased.

Keywords: Pain; daily function.; day surgery; normal activities; recovery.

Figures

Fig. (1)
Fig. (1)
Revised Symptom Management Conceptual Model. Dodd et al., (2001) Advancing the science of Symptom Management Journal of Advanced Nursing, 33(5), p. 670. Permission is granted in a letter from John Wiley & Sons Ltd 090210.
Fig. (2)
Fig. (2)
Flow chart for participation throughout the study (T1=48 hours after day surgery; T2=seven days after day surgery; T3=three months after day surgery; BPI-SF=Brief Pain Inventory Short Form with the respective endpoints 0=no pain and 10=worst imaginable pain and 0=does not Interfere and 10=completely interferes; additional question=the additional question about return to normal function; rr=response rate)
Fig. (3)
Fig. (3)
Pain’s interference with; normal work, walking and general activity during the preceding 24 hours, at three time-points after day surgery (NRS=Numerical rating scale with the endpoints 0=does not interfere and 10=completely interferes).
Fig. (4)
Fig. (4)
Probability of returning to normal activity, seven days after day surgery, by applying logistic regression and spline function (Normal activity= activity/work; i.e. housework or employment; calculations concerning being back to normal activity seven days after day surgery were performed by applying logistic regression and spline functions for worst pain experienced at 48 hours).

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