Development and evaluation of iManage: A self-management app co-designed by adolescents with sickle cell disease

Abstract

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with sickle cell disease (SCD) are a vulnerable population with high risk of morbidity that could be decreased with effective self-management. Previous research suggests that mobile applications (apps) may facilitate AYA engagement in health-promoting behaviors. The objectives of this study were: (i) describe Internet access and use in AYA with SCD; (ii) identify barriers for self-management in this population; (iii) collaborate with AYA to co-design a mobile app that would minimize barriers; and (iv) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the app.

Procedure: In phase 1, 46 AYAs with SCD 16-24 years of age completed a survey of Internet access and use. During phase 2, 19 AYAs with SCD (average age 20 ± 2.5 years) and eight healthcare providers participated in interviews to identify barriers and co-design sessions to develop the app. In phase 3, five AYAs with SCD completed app feasibility and usability testing.

Results: AYAs with SCD had daily Internet access (69%) using their computers (84%) or mobile phones (70%). Participants went online for health information (71%) and preferred Web sites with interactive/social features (83%). Barriers to self-management included failing to believe that their health would suffer, lack of tailored self-management support, lack of a mechanism to visualize self-management progress, and limited opportunities for peer interaction around self-management. The prototype app (iManage) was rated as highly feasible and beneficial.

Conclusions: A mobile app prototype co-designed by AYAs with SCD may be a useful tool for engaging them in self-management strategies designed to improve health.

Keywords: AYA; Internet access; patient engagement; pediatric hematology; smartphone.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors have no financial conflicts of interest other than the funding listed above.

© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Figures

Figure 1.

Study insights across Phases 1, 2, and 3

Figure 2.

iManage app prototype selected functionality. The iManage mobile app allows AYAs to create a personal profile and visually track their health condition and self-management progress. They also participate on a team with other SC teens where they work together and support each other in achieving their self-management goals.