Serum Lipocalin 2 (Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin) in Relation to Biomarkers of Inflammation and Cardiac Stretch During Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Milana Bogorodskaya, Kathleen V Fitch, Tricia H Burdo, Patrick Maehler, Rebecca M Easly, Gillian R Murray, Meghan Feldpausch, Gail K Adler, Steven K Grinspoon, Suman Srinivasa, Milana Bogorodskaya, Kathleen V Fitch, Tricia H Burdo, Patrick Maehler, Rebecca M Easly, Gillian R Murray, Meghan Feldpausch, Gail K Adler, Steven K Grinspoon, Suman Srinivasa
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the relationship of lipocalin 2 to inflammation and cardiac injury with increased aldosterone in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Methods: A standardized 6-day low-sodium diet was used to stimulate renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation, and serum lipocalin 2 and biomarkers of inflammation and cardiac stretch were assessed among persons with or without HIV.
Results: Lipocalin 2 levels increased with RAAS activation compared with suppression in the HIV group (median level [interquartile range], 71.3 [59.2-99.7] vs 67.0 [51.8-86.3] ng/mL; P = .01). During RAAS activation, lipocalin 2 was related to biomarkers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor α [P = .007]), monocyte/macrophage activation (soluble CD163 [P = .005] and chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 2 [P = .03]), and markers of cardiac stretch (brain natriuretic peptide [P < .001] and N-terminal fragment of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide [P = .001]) in HIV.
Conclusion: Lipocalin 2 may be important in modulating aldosterone-induced inflammation, monocyte activation, and cardiac stretch during RAAS activation in HIV.
Clinical trial registration: NCT01407237.
Keywords: BNP; HIV; inflammation; lipocalin 2; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Source: PubMed