Does the Fast Track Intervention Prevent Later Psychosis Symptoms?

Natalie Goulter, Robert J McMahon, Kenneth A Dodge, Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group, Natalie Goulter, Robert J McMahon, Kenneth A Dodge, Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group

Abstract

The Fast Track (FT) intervention was a multimodal preventive intervention addressing antisocial development across 10 years of childhood and early adolescence. The intervention included parent management training, child social-cognitive skills training, peer coaching and mentoring, academic skills tutoring, and a classroom social-emotional learning program. While not specifically designed to target psychosis symptoms (e.g., social withdrawal, thought abnormalities), the present study aimed to examine whether the FT intervention prevented psychosis symptoms through childhood and adolescence and into adulthood. Participants included the FT intervention and high-risk control samples (N = 891; 69% male; M age = 6.58 years, SD = .48). Psychosis symptoms were assessed using the "thought problems" subscale of the parent-report Child Behavior Checklist during grades 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7, and the self-report Adult Behavior Checklist at age 25 years, in line with prior research using this measure. Growth models included the FT condition and covariates (i.e., initial risk screen score, cohort, socioeconomic status, rural/urban status, race, and sex) as predictors; and child, adolescent, and adult psychosis symptoms as outcomes. Intervention status was not significantly associated with the slope of psychosis symptoms; however, after controlling for concurrent cannabis use, intervention participants reported lower levels of psychosis symptoms over time. Findings suggest that interventions targeting antisocial behavior may prevent psychosis symptoms in the long term.

Keywords: Cannabis; Intervention; Prevention; Psychosis.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Drs. Bierman, Coie, Dodge, Greenberg, Lochman, McMahon, and Pinderhughes are the Principal Investigators on the Fast Track Project and have a publishing agreement with Guilford Publications, Inc. Royalties from that agreement will be donated to a professional organization. They are also authors of the PATHS curriculum and donate all royalties from Channing-Bete, Inc. to a professional organization. Dr. Greenberg is a developer of the PATHS curriculum and has a separate royalty agreement with Channing-Bete, Inc. Bierman, Coie, Dodge, Greenberg, Lochman, and McMahon are the developers of the Fast Track curriculum and have publishing and royalty agreements with Guilford Publications, Inc. Dr. McMahon is a coauthor of Helping the Noncompliant Child and has a royalty agreement with Guilford Publications, Inc.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Growth model of psychosis symptoms (grades 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and age 25) with concurrent cannabis use (grades 4, 5, 7, and age 25), and covariates. Note: I, intercept; S, slope
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Growth model of psychosis symptoms (grades 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and age 25) with adolescent cannabis use (grades 10–12, and 2 years post-high school), and covariates. Note: I, intercept; S, slope; HS, high school

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