Salmon fish protein supplement increases serum vitamin B12 and selenium concentrations: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial

Kristin S Hustad, Inger Ottestad, Thomas Olsen, Thomas Sæther, Stine M Ulven, Kirsten B Holven, Kristin S Hustad, Inger Ottestad, Thomas Olsen, Thomas Sæther, Stine M Ulven, Kirsten B Holven

Abstract

Purpose: The main aim of the present study was to examine the effect of a fish protein supplement made from by-products from production of Atlantic salmon, on blood concentration of micronutrients.

Methods: We conducted an 8-week double-blind parallel-group randomised controlled trial. In total, 88 adults were randomised to a salmon fish protein supplement or placebo, and 74 participants were included in the analysis of vitamin D, omega-3, vitamin B12, selenium, folate, zinc, homocysteine and mercury.

Results: During the intervention period, geometric mean (GSD) of serum vitamin B12 concentrations increased from 304 (1.40) to 359 (1.42) pmol/L in the fish protein group (P vs. controls = 0.004) and mean (SD) serum selenium increased from 1.18 (0.22) to 1.30 (0.20) μmol/L (P vs. controls = 0.002). The prevalence of low vitamin B12 status (B12 < 148-221 > pmol/L) decreased from 15.4 to 2.6% in the fish protein group, while increasing from 5.9 to 17.6% in the placebo group (P = 0.045). There was no difference between the groups in serum levels of the other micronutrients measured.

Conclusion: Including a salmon fish protein supplement in the daily diet for 8 weeks, increases serum vitamin B12 and selenium concentrations. From a sustainability perspective, by-products with high contents of micronutrients and low contents of contaminants, could be a valuable dietary supplement or food ingredient in populations with suboptimal intake.

Trail registration: The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03764423) on June 29th 2018.

Keywords: Atlantic salmon; RCT; Selenium; Sustainability; Vitamin B12.

Conflict of interest statement

During the past 5 years, SMU has received research grants from Mills DA, TINE BA and Olympic Seafood, none of which are related to the content of this manuscript. During the past 5 years, KBH has received research grants or honoraria from Mills DA, TINE BA, Olympic Seafood, Amgen, Sanofi and Pronova, none of which are related to the content of this manuscript. KSH, IO, TO and TS have no conflicts of interest.

© 2022. The Author(s).

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Individual changes in s-B12 from baseline

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