Psychiatric symptoms in a Spanish sample with hereditary cancer risk

Abstract

Objective: An integral part of the genetic counselling process is the assessment of psychiatric morbidity. The objectives of this study were first to assess psychometric properties of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28items) in a Spanish sample at increased risk of hereditary cancer, and second evaluated the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and the contribution of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics to predict distress.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed with 766 patients. Psychometric analysis with exploratory factor analysis was performed. The influences of socio-demographic characteristics were investigated by multiple linear regression analyses.

Results: Factor analysis supported the four-factor solution of the original GHQ-28; Depression and Social dysfunction scales were more stable than Anxiety and Somatic symptom scales. Psychiatric morbidity was detected in 212 (27.9%) patients. The variables predicting psychiatric morbidity were gender, age, patient affected by cancer, previous psychiatric treatment, and patients with relatives affected by cancer. The higher prevalence of psychiatric symptoms was in the age group from 41 to 59 years (16.73%), women (24.37%), patients affected by cancer (19.89%), patients without previous psychiatric treatment (20.82%), and patients with relatives affected by cancer (21.74%).

Conclusion: Screening psychological distress should consider socio-demographic and clinical characteristics with reference to improve the quality of care.

Trial registration: Clinical trials identifier: NCT04428710.

Keywords: Genetic counseling; Hereditary cancer syndrome; Psychiatric morbidity; Psychometric.

Conflict of interest statement

Gema Costa-requena, Mercedes Garcia Garijo, Paula Richart Aznar, and Ángel Segura Huerta declare that they have no conflict of interest.

© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Figures

Fig. 1

Prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in predictor variables, patient’s age, gender, patient affected by cancer, previous psychiatric treatment, and family affected by cancer