Suicide reattempt in a population-wide brief contact intervention to prevent suicide attempts: The VigilanS program, France

Larissa D Fossi, Christophe Debien, Anne-Laure Demarty, Guillaume Vaiva, Antoine Messiah, Larissa D Fossi, Christophe Debien, Anne-Laure Demarty, Guillaume Vaiva, Antoine Messiah

Abstract

Objective: Among the postcrisis suicide prevention programmes, brief contact interventions (BCIs) have been proven to be efficient. VigilanS generalizes to a whole French region a BCI combining resource cards, telephone calls, and sending postcards, according to a predefined algorithm. However, a major problem in suicide prevention is the suicide reattempt, which can lead to final suicide. Here, we analyze the suicide reattempt in VigilanS.

Methods: The study concerned patients included in VigilanS over the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018, with an end of follow-up on July 1, 2019. We performed a series of descriptive analyses, survival curves, and regressions. The outcome was the suicide reattempt, and the predictive variables were the characteristics of the patient at entry and during follow-up in VigilanS. Age and sex were considered as adjustment variables.

Results: A total of 11,879 inclusions occurred during the study period, corresponding to 10,666 different patients, among which 905 reattempted suicide. More than half were primary suicide attempters (53.4%). A significant relationship with suicide reattempt was identified for the following characteristics: being a non-primary suicide attempter, having attempted suicide by voluntary drug intoxication and phlebotomy, alcohol consumption among primary suicide attempters, and having no companion at the emergency room visit among non-primary suicide attempters. Hanging (as suicide method), having made no call to VigilanS were protective factors.

Conclusion: This study provides us with a valuable insight into the profiles of patients repeating a suicide attempts, which is important for suicide prevention in general.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03134885.

Keywords: VigilanS; prevention; suicide attempts; suicide reattempt.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Flow chart for patient selection in the analysis.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Suicide reattempt survival analysis as a function of follow-up time in months (N = 10,666).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/8516749/bin/S0924933821022215_figu1.jpg
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/8516749/bin/S0924933821022215_figu2.jpg

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