The Study of Object-Oriented Motor Imagery Based on EEG Suppression

Lili Li, Jing Wang, Guanghua Xu, Min Li, Jun Xie, Lili Li, Jing Wang, Guanghua Xu, Min Li, Jun Xie

Abstract

Motor imagery is a conventional method for brain computer interface and motor learning. To avoid the great individual difference of the motor imagery ability, object-oriented motor imagery was applied, and the effects were studied. Kinesthetic motor imagery and visual observation were administered to 15 healthy volunteers. The EEG during cue-based simple imagery (SI), object-oriented motor imagery (OI), non-object-oriented motor imagery (NI) and visual observation (VO) was recorded. Study results showed that OI and NI presented significant contralateral suppression in mu rhythm (p < 0.05). Besides, OI exhibited significant contralateral suppression in beta rhythm (p < 0.05). While no significant mu or beta contralateral suppression could be found during VO or SI (p > 0.05). Compared with NI, OI showed significant difference (p < 0.05) in mu rhythm and weak significant difference (p = 0.0612) in beta rhythm over the contralateral hemisphere. The ability of motor imagery can be reflected by the suppression degree of mu and beta frequencies which are the motor related rhythms. Thus, greater enhancement of activation in mirror neuron system is involved in response to object-oriented motor imagery. The object-oriented motor imagery is favorable for improvement of motor imagery ability.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1. The experimental paradigm.
Fig 1. The experimental paradigm.
At t = 0 s, a fixation cross is presented followed by a cue at t = 2 s. The cue stays until t = 3 s. Participants performs OI, NI, and VO from t = 3 s to t = 4.7 s. SI lasts from t = 3 s to t = 6 s.
Fig 2. Three different tasks: (a) imagining…
Fig 2. Three different tasks: (a) imagining a leg flexion-extension under the object stimulus (OI); (b) imagining a leg flexion-extension without goal (NI); (c) imagining a leg flexion-extension without the stimulus (SI).
Fig 3. Distribution of the electrodes that…
Fig 3. Distribution of the electrodes that are analyzed on the motor area.
Fig 4. Distribution of the lateral electrodes…
Fig 4. Distribution of the lateral electrodes where EEG is suppressed under OI and NI conditions.
Fig 5. Suppression for perception conditions.
Fig 5. Suppression for perception conditions.
(a) Statistical suppression index and topographical views in mu rhythm. (b) Statistical suppression index and topographical views in beta rhythm. (c) ERD/ERS maps of OI on subject 3 at C1 and C2. The X axis indicates time (seconds). Participants image from t = 3 s to t = 4.7 s. The Y axis indicates frequency (Hz). CH and HH indicate contralateral and ipsilateral hemispheres. Left and right indicate the direction of the cue at t = 2 s.
Fig 6. EEG connectivity model.
Fig 6. EEG connectivity model.
(a) The connectivity in the mu rhythm. (b) The connectivity in the beta rhythm. The direction of the arrow indicates EEG causal flow direction. The connectivity is significant (P < 0.01).

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