Antiviral effects of blackberry extract against herpes simplex virus type 1
Robert J Danaher, Chunmei Wang, Jin Dai, Russell J Mumper, Craig S Miller, Robert J Danaher, Chunmei Wang, Jin Dai, Russell J Mumper, Craig S Miller
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate antiviral properties of blackberry extract against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in vitro.
Study design: HSV-infected oral epithelial (OKF6) cells and cell-free virus suspensions were treated with blackberry extract (2.24-1,400 μg/mL), and virus yield and infectivity were quantified by direct plaque assay.
Results: Blackberry extract ≥56 μg/mL inhibited HSV-1 replication in oral epithelial cells by >99% (P < .005). Concentrations ≥280 μg/mL were antiviral when the extract was added after virus adsorption and entry. Exposure of cell-free virus to ≥280 μg/mL blackberry extract for 15 minutes at room temperature was virucidal (P = .0002). The virucidal effects were not due to pH changes at concentrations up to 1,500 μg/mL.
Conclusions: Blackberry extract inhibited the early stages of HSV-1 replication and had potent virucidal activity. These properties suggest that this natural fruit extract could provide advantage as a topical prophylactic/therapeutic agent for HSV infections.
Copyright © 2011 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figures
![Figure 1. Blackberry Extract has antiviral properties](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3154751/bin/nihms312990f1.jpg)
![Figure 2. Cell entry protects HSV-1 from…](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3154751/bin/nihms312990f2.jpg)
![Figure 3. BBE inactivates HSV-1](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3154751/bin/nihms312990f3.jpg)
![Figure 4. BBE inactivates HSV-1](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3154751/bin/nihms312990f4.jpg)
Source: PubMed