Hyporesponsiveness of natural killer cells and impaired inflammatory responses in critically ill patients

Minkyung Kim, Minjoo Kim, Hana Jeong, Jey Sook Chae, Young Sam Kim, Jae Gil Lee, Younsoo Cho, Jong Ho Lee, Minkyung Kim, Minjoo Kim, Hana Jeong, Jey Sook Chae, Young Sam Kim, Jae Gil Lee, Younsoo Cho, Jong Ho Lee

Abstract

Background: To investigate natural killer (NK) cell activity, circulating cytokine level and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cytokine production status in critically ill patients.

Methods: Blood samples were collected <24 h after admission from 24 intensive care unit (ICU) patients and 24 age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls. Serum cytokine concentrations and cytokine production by PBMCs and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated PBMCs were measured.

Results: The ICU group showed lower NK cell activity than the controls under all conditions and an absence of interferon (IFN)-γ. After adjusting for triglycerides, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, and glucose, the ICU group exhibited lower serum levels of albumin and interleukin (IL)-12 and higher leukocyte counts and hs-CRP and IL-6 levels than the controls. Non-stimulated PBMCs from ICU patients secreted significantly greater amounts of IL-6 and IL-1β than the controls; however, the production of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in response to LPS stimulation was significantly lower in the ICU group.

Conclusions: Significant reductions in NK cell activity and serum IL-12 level, an absence of serum IFN-γ, and decreased cytokine production from LPS-stimulated PBMCs indicate the hyporesponsiveness of NK cells and an impaired early phase inflammatory response in critically ill patients (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02565589 :). Retrospectively registered; October 1, 2015.

Keywords: Cytokine; ICU; Inflammatory response; NK cell; PBMC.

Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Written informed consent was provided by a close family member. This investigation was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Yonsei University Severance Hospital (Seoul, Korea; Approval Number: 4–2013-0902) and conducted according to the Helsinki Declaration.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Correlation matrix among clinical and inflammatory parameters in control and ICU patient groups. Correlations were obtained by deriving Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Red denotes a positive correlation, and blue denotes a negative correlation

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