Disordered sleep and myopia risk among Chinese children

Zhongqiang Zhou, Ian G Morgan, Qianyun Chen, Ling Jin, Mingguang He, Nathan Congdon, Zhongqiang Zhou, Ian G Morgan, Qianyun Chen, Ling Jin, Mingguang He, Nathan Congdon

Abstract

Purpose: Disordered sleep and myopia are increasingly prevalent among Chinese children. Similar pathways may be involved in regulation of both sleep cycles and eye growth. We therefore sought to examine the association between disordered sleep and myopia in this group.

Methods: Urban primary school children participating in a clinical trial on myopia and outdoor activity underwent automated cycloplegic refraction with subjective refinement. Parents answered questions about children's sleep duration, sleep disorders (Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire [CSHQ]), near work and time spent outdoors.

Results: Among 1970 children, 1902 (96.5%, mean [standard deviation SD] age 9.80 [0.44] years, 53.1% boys) completed refraction and questionnaires. Myopia < = -0.50 Diopters was present in both eyes of 588 (30.9%) children (1329/3804 = 34.9% of eyes) and 1129 children (59.4%) had abnormal CSHQ scores (> 41). In logistic regression models by eye, odds of myopia < = -0.50D increased with worse CSHQ score (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.01 per point, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] [1.001, 1.02], P = 0.014) and more night-time sleep (OR 1.02, 95% CI [1.01, 1.04, P = 0.002], while male sex (OR 0.82, 95% CI [0.70, 0.95], P = 0.008) and time outdoors (OR = 0.97, 95% CI [0.95, 0.99], P = 0.011) were associated with less myopia. The association between sleep duration and myopia was not significant (p = 0.199) for total (night + midday) sleep.

Conclusions: Myopia and disordered sleep were both common in this cohort, but we did not find consistent evidence for an association between the two.

Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov NCT00848900.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: Co-author Mingguang is a PLOS ONE Editorial Board member. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE Editorial policies and criteria.

Figures

Fig 1. Distribution of spherical equivalent refractive…
Fig 1. Distribution of spherical equivalent refractive error (Diopters) in 3804 eyes of 1902 children with complete data in the current study

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