Total adiponectin in overweight and obese subjects and its response to visceral fat loss

Salah Gariballa, Juma Alkaabi, Javed Yasin, Awad Al Essa, Salah Gariballa, Juma Alkaabi, Javed Yasin, Awad Al Essa

Abstract

Background: Visceral obesity and related diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Adiponectin is a hormone that is secreted by adipose tissue and may play an important role in obesity-related morbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate total adiponectin levels in overweight and obese UAE subjects visiting health care facilities for weight management.

Methods: All overweight and obese subjects visiting community health centers were invited to take part in the study. Two hundred and six participants received individualized structured dietary education for weight management. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements and fasting venous blood samples were taken for measurements of total adiponectin and markers of inflammation and nutritional status at baseline and follow up. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the independent effects of prognostic factors on serum adiponectin levels.

Results: A total of 193 (93%) females with a mean age (±SD) 36 ± 11 years were included in the analysis. During a follow up period of 427 ± 223 days, participants received 13 ± 5 structured dietary education sessions. We observed decreased levels of total adiponectin with increasing quartiles of both waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). Male gender and history of both gestational and type 2 diabetes were associated with significantly lower total adiponectin levels (p < 0.05). After adjusting for age, gender, BMI and hip circumference, multiple regression analysis revealed a significant and independent association between waist circumference and total adiponectin levels. At follow up visceral fat loss was associated with a significant decrease in inflammatory markers and a non-significant increase in total adiponectin levels.

Conclusion: Increased visceral fat in overweight and obese subjects is associated with decreased total adiponectin levels. The health benefits of increasing adiponectin levels using different dietary intervention strategies need to be explored in larger studies.

Trial registration: NCT01691365 , registered on 11/09/2012.

Keywords: Adiponectin; Diet; Obesity; Visceral fat.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Baseline adiponectin levels (μg/ml), [mean (SD)], according to quartiles of waist circumference (WC) of female subjects
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Baseline adiponectin levels (μg/ml), [mean (SD)], according to quartiles of body mass index (BMI) mean (SD) of female subjects
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Association between total adiponectin and high density lipoproteins in overweight and obese subjects

References

    1. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation, World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 894 (2000), pp. I–xii 1–253.
    1. The Report of a British Nutrition Foundation Task Force . Cardiovascular disease, Diet, Nutrition and Emerging Risk Factors. Oxford: Balckwell Publishing Ltd; 2005.
    1. Malik A, Babir A, Abi Saab B, Roglic G, King H. Glucose intolerance and associated factors in the UAE. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005;69:188–195. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.12.005.
    1. Gariballa S, Kosanovic M, Yasin J, Essa AE. Oxidative damage and inflammation in obese diabetic emirati subjects. Nutrients. 2014;6(11):4872–4880. doi: 10.3390/nu6114872.
    1. Gariballa S, Alkaabi J, Yasin J, Al Essa A. Oxidative damage and associated inflammatory risk factors in obese Emirati women. Body mass index versus waist circumference. Saudi Med J. 2017;38(9):960–964. doi: 10.15537/smj.2017.9.19629.
    1. Expert Consultation WHO. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet. 2004;363:157–163. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15268-3.
    1. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364:937–952. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17018-9.
    1. Wang ZV, Scherer PE. Adiponectin, the past 2 decades. J Mol Cell Biol. 2016;8(2):93–100. doi: 10.1093/jmcb/mjw011.
    1. Woodward L, Akoumianakis I, Antoniades C. Unravelling the adiponectin paradox: novel roles of adiponectin in the regulation of cardiovascular disease. Br J Pharmacol. 2017;174(22):4007–4020. doi: 10.1111/bph.13619.
    1. Sulistyoningrum DC, Gasevic D, Lear SA, Ho J, Mente A, Devlin AM. Total and high molecular weight adiponectin and ethnic-specific differences in adiposity and insulin resistance: a cross-sectional study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2013;12:170. doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-170.
    1. Lopez-Jaramillo P. The Role of Adiponectin in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Effects of Nutritional Interventions. J Nutr. 2016;146(2):422S–426S. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.202432.
    1. Varady KA, Bhutani S, Klempel MC, Kroeger CM, Trepanowski JF, Haus JM, Hoddy KK, Calvo Y. Alternate day fasting for weight loss in normal weight and overweight subjects: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr J. 2013;12:146. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-146.
    1. Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Golpaie A, Janani L, Derakhshanian H. Effect of Weight Reduction Following Bariatric Surgery on Serum Visfatin and Adiponectin Levels in Morbidly Obese Subjects. Obes Facts. 2013;6(2):193–202. doi: 10.1159/000351162.
    1. Ferris WF, Naran NH, Crowther NJ, Rheeder P, van der Merwe L, Chetty N. The relationship between insulin sensitivity and serum adiponectin levels in three population groups. Horm Metab Res. 2005;37(11):695–701. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-870580.
    1. Shah A, Hernandez A, Mathur D, Budoff MJ, Kanaya AM. Adipokines and body fat composition in South Asians: results of the Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study. Int J Obes. 2012;36(6):810–816. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2011.167.
    1. Al-Badri MR, Zantout MS, Azar ST. The role of adipokines in gestational diabetes mellitus. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2015;6(3):103–108. doi: 10.1177/2042018815577039.
    1. Liu C, Feng X, Li Q, Wang Y, Li Q, Hua M. Adiponectin, TNF-α and inflammatory cytokines and risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytokine. 2016;86:100–109. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.06.028.
    1. Altinova AE, Toruner F, Bukan N, Yasar DG, Akturk M, Cakir N, Arslan M. Decreased plasma adiponectin is associated with insulin resistance and HDL cholesterol in overweight subjects. Endocr J. 2007;54(2):221–226. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.K06-021.
    1. Barter P. High density lipoprotein: a therapeutic target in type 2 diabetes. Endocrinol Metab. 2013;28:169–177. doi: 10.3803/EnM.2013.28.3.169.
    1. Hawkes N. Small falls in weight can improve health provided they are long term, says NICE. BMJ. 2014;348:g3576. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g3576.
    1. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence . Managing overweight and obesity in adults—lifestyle weight management services. 2014.
    1. Ma W, Huang T, Zheng Y, Wang M, Bray GA, Sacks FM, Qi L. Weight-Loss Diets, Adiponectin, and Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk in the 2-Year POUNDS Lost Trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(6):2415–2422. doi: 10.1210/jc.2016-1207.

Source: PubMed

Patrocinadores y Colaboradores

Condiciones médicas

Intervenciones de drogas

3
Suscribir