Virulence Factors of Helicobacter pylori: A Review

Bruna M Roesler, Elizabeth M A Rabelo-Gonçalves, José M R Zeitune, Bruna M Roesler, Elizabeth M A Rabelo-Gonçalves, José M R Zeitune

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and can establish a long-term infection of the gastric mucosa, a condition that affects the relative risk of developing various clinical disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. H. pylori presents a high-level of genetic diversity, which can be an important factor in its adaptation to the host stomach and also for the clinical outcome of infection. There are important H. pylori virulence factors that, along with host characteristics and the external environment, have been associated with the different occurrences of diseases. This review is aimed to analyzing and summarizing the main of them and possible associations with the clinical outcome.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; chronic gastritis; gastric adenocarcinoma; peptic ulcer disease; virulence factors.

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    1. Lu H, Wu JY, Kudo T, Ohno T, Graham DY, Yamaoka Y. Regulation of interleukin-6 promoter activation in gastric epithelial cells infected with. Helicobacter pylori Mol Biol Cell. 2005;16(10):495449–495466.
    1. Yamaoka Y, Kikuchi S, el-Zimaity HM, Gutierrez O, Osato MS, Graham DY. Importance of Helicobacter pylori oipA in clinical presentation, gastric inflammation, and mucosal interleukin 8 production. Gastroenterology. 2002;123(2):414–424.

Source: PubMed

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