Metabolic and Inflammatory Profiles of Post-Bariatric Patients with Weight Recidivism

Karynne Grutter Lopes, Eline Coan Romagna, Daniel Sant'Anna da Silva, Michelle da Costa Tavares Bezerra, Paulo Roberto Falcão Leal, Jorge Eduardo da Silva Soares Pinto, Eliete Bouskela, Maria das Graças Coelho de Souza, Luiz Guilherme Kraemer-Aguiar, Karynne Grutter Lopes, Eline Coan Romagna, Daniel Sant'Anna da Silva, Michelle da Costa Tavares Bezerra, Paulo Roberto Falcão Leal, Jorge Eduardo da Silva Soares Pinto, Eliete Bouskela, Maria das Graças Coelho de Souza, Luiz Guilherme Kraemer-Aguiar

Abstract

Background: Bariatric surgery promotes expressive weight loss, improving the metabolic and inflammatory profiles. The behavior of these indicators in bariatric patients with weight recidivism is unknown. We aimed to investigate both profiles in bariatric patients with high ratio of weight regain (RWR), comparing them with nonsurgical patients with obesity.

Methods: Forty patients with obesity subjected to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) with high RWR composed the bariatric group, and 40 controls matched for BMI, age, and gender were recruited as nonsurgical group. Between-group comparisons were performed for clinical history, physical examination, biochemical, metabolic, and inflammatory profiles.

Results: Bariatric group was composed of a group with an excess weight loss of 85.9 ± 16.8%, a RWR of 56.5 ± 19.7%, and a time since surgery of 10.7 ± 4.3 years. We noticed a lower proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia (P ≤ 0.05) and lower neck and waist circumferences (P ≤ 0.05) in this group. No differences between groups were observed concerning hip circumference, blood pressure, heart rate, total cholesterol, LDL-c, acid uric, creatinine, ALT, ASP, interferon-γ (INF-γ), interferon gamma-induced protein-10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1 β), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Of note, fasting glucose; HbA1c; triglycerides; and, surprisingly, IL-6 levels were lower (P ≤ 0.05) in the bariatric group than nonsurgical one while HDL-c level was higher (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Expressive post-bariatric weight loss, even in patients with high RWR, suggests a possible metabolic benefit/protection in the long term. Probably decreased circulating levels of IL-6 are involved in it.

Trial registration: NCT04193397.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Chronic inflammation; Obesity; Weight regain.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the enrollment, allocation, and follow-up of participants

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