Membranes for the Guided Bone Regeneration

Sang-Woon Lee, Seong-Gon Kim, Sang-Woon Lee, Seong-Gon Kim

Abstract

Many kinds of membrane have been used for the guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique. However, most membranes do not fulfill all requirements for the ideal membrane for the GBR technique. Among them, collagen membrane has been most widely used. However, its high price and weak tensile strength in wet condition are limitations for wide clinical application. Synthetic polymers have also been used for the GBR technique. Recently, silk based membrane has been considered as a membrane for the GBR technique. Despite many promising preclinical data for use of a silk membrane, clinical data regarding the silk membrane has been limited. However, silk based material has been used clinically as vessel-tie material and an electrospun silk membrane was applied successfully to patients. No adverse effect related to the silk suture has been reported. Considering that silk membrane can be provided to patients at a cheap price, its clinical application should be encouraged.

Keywords: Bone; Collagen; Membrane; Polymer; Silk.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Scanning electron microscopic view of collagen membrane.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Scanning electron microscopic view of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Foreign body giant cells were attached to the silk implants (H&E, ×200).
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Schematic drawing of the electrospun technique.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.
Film type silk membrane was encapsulated by fibrotic tissue. Below the silk membrane, new bone formation was observed (H&E, ×100).
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.
Scanning electron microscopic view of silk membrane.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7.
The stress-strain curve of each membrane. It was measured in the dry state. Silk membranes were separated according to inner, middle, and outer layer. ePTFE, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 8.
New bone formation below silk membrane. Foreign body giant cells were attached to the silk membrane, but the inflammatory reaction was not severe (Masson trichrome stain, ×100).

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