Achievement of cardiometabolic goals among diabetic patients in Spain. A nationwide population-based study

Beatriz Navarro-Vidal, José R Banegas, Luz M León-Muñoz, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo, Auxiliadora Graciani, Beatriz Navarro-Vidal, José R Banegas, Luz M León-Muñoz, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo, Auxiliadora Graciani

Abstract

Background: No previous study has reported a comprehensive assessment of the attainment of cardiometabolic goals in the diabetic population of a European country. We examined the achievement of cardiometabolic goals among diabetics in Spain.

Methods and findings: A cross-sectional survey was performed in 2008-2010 among 12,077 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged ≥18 years. Information on cardiometabolic characteristics was collected at the participants' homes through structured questionnaires, physical examination, and fasting blood samples. Attainment of cardiometabolic goals was evaluated according to the most well-known guidelines. A total of 834 individuals had diabetes (fasting serum glucose ≥126 mg/dl, or glycosylated hemoglobin ≥6.5%,) or were being treated with oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin). Among diabetic patients, 661 (79.2%) were aware of their condition. Among the aware diabetic patients, only 11.4% had neither general (body mass index <25 kg/m(2)) nor abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≤102 cm in men and ≤88 cm in women), 8.6% consumed <7% of calories daily from saturated fats, and 41.1% achieved the recommendation on weekly physical activity. About 71% had glycosylated hemoglobin <7%, 22% had blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, and 36% reached the LDL-cholesterol goal of <100 mg/dl. Although a large proportion of aware diabetic individuals received lifestyle medical advice, only 38% of overweight individuals and 20% of daily smokers were offered a specific strategy for weight loss or quitting smoking, respectively.

Conclusions: In a European country with universal healthcare coverage, achievement of many cardiometabolic goals, in particular lifestyle, among aware diabetic individuals is poor. This suggests a need for improvement in both clinical guidelines' implementation and patients' adherence.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1. Percent distribution of the number…
Figure 1. Percent distribution of the number of cardiometabolic goals (lifestyles and biological factors) met among diabetic patients.
A.- Lifestyle: non-smoker; BMI <25 kg/m2 and waist circumference ≤102/88 cm in men and women, respectively; moderate or intense physical activity; energy intake from saturated fat <7%. B.- Biological factors: HbA1c<7%; blood pressure <130/80 mmHg; LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dl; urinary albumin:creatinine ratio <30 mg/g C.- Lifestyle and biological factors.

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Source: PubMed

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