Clinical Trial Page

Clinical Trial Results:
A randomized, prospective, multicenter trial to compare the effect on chronic allograft nephropathy prevention of mycophenolate mofetil versus azathioprine as the sole immunosuppressive therapy for kidney transplant recipients

Summary
EudraCT number
2006-005604-14
Trial protocol
IT  
Global end of trial date
23 Aug 2016

Results information
Results version number
v1(current)
This version publication date
25 Jul 2019
First version publication date
25 Jul 2019
Other versions

Trial information

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Trial identification
Sponsor protocol code
ATHENA Study
Additional study identifiers
ISRCTN number
-
US NCT number
NCT00494741
WHO universal trial number (UTN)
-
Sponsors
Sponsor organisation name
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS
Sponsor organisation address
V. G. B. Camozzi, 3, Ranica / Bergamo, Italy, 24010
Public contact
Piero Ruggenenti, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, V. G. B. Camozzi, 3, 24010 Ranica / Bergamo, 0039 03545351, piero.ruggenenti@marionegri.it
Scientific contact
Piero Ruggenenti, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, V. G. B. Camozzi, 3, 24010 Ranica / Bergamo, 0039 03545351, piero.ruggenenti@marionegri.it
Paediatric regulatory details
Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
No
Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
No
Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
No
Results analysis stage
Analysis stage
Final
Date of interim/final analysis
31 Oct 2018
Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
Yes
Primary completion date
23 Aug 2016
Global end of trial reached?
Yes
Global end of trial date
23 Aug 2016
Was the trial ended prematurely?
No
General information about the trial
Main objective of the trial
The study primarily compare the incidence of biopsy-proven CAN three years post-transplant in kidney recipients randomly allocated to MMF or AZA, after induction therapy with basiliximab and low-dose RATG, and sequential steroid and CsA withdrawal. Secondarily, the study compare acute rejections after CsA withdrawal, long-term patient and graft survival, and graft function and prevalence/severity of CAN at study end.
Protection of trial subjects
This study was conducted in conformance with Declaration of Helsinki, Good Clinical Practice standards and applicable country regulations regarding ethical committee review, informed consent, protection of human subjects participating in biomedical research and privacy.
Background therapy
-
Evidence for comparator
-
Actual start date of recruitment
04 Jul 2007
Long term follow-up planned
No
Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
Yes
Population of trial subjects
Number of subjects enrolled per country
Country: Number of subjects enrolled
Italy: 233
Worldwide total number of subjects
233
EEA total number of subjects
233
Number of subjects enrolled per age group
In utero
0
Preterm newborn - gestational age
0
Newborns (0-27 days)
0
Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
0
Children (2-11 years)
0
Adolescents (12-17 years)
0
Adults (18-64 years)
195
From 65 to 84 years
38
85 years and over
0

Subject disposition

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Recruitment
Recruitment details
Patients were recruited between July 4th, 2007 and July 6th, 2012, and followed up to August 23th, 2016.

Pre-assignment
Screening details
Patients were identified among the subjects who were referred to the six Italian transplant centers involved in the trial and selected to receive the fist single or double kidney transplant according to standardized clinical criteria

Period 1
Period 1 title
Treatment period (overall period)
Is this the baseline period?
Yes
Allocation method
Randomised - controlled
Blinding used
Not blinded

Arms
Are arms mutually exclusive
Yes

Arm title
Azathioprine
Arm description
Patients randomized in this group will receive 75 mg of AZA per os (or 125 mg if body weight > 75 kg) once a day starting on the day of transplant. AZA dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate.
Arm type
Experimental

Investigational medicinal product name
Azathioprine
Investigational medicinal product code
Other name
Pharmaceutical forms
Tablet
Routes of administration
Oral use
Dosage and administration details
Patients randomized in this group will receive 75 mg of AZA per os (or 125 mg if body weight > 75 kg) once a day starting on the day of transplant. AZA dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate

Arm title
Mycophenolate Mofetil
Arm description
Patients randomized in this group will receive 750 mg of MMF per os twice a day starting on the day of transplant. MMF dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate
Arm type
Experimental

Investigational medicinal product name
Mycophenolate Mofetil
Investigational medicinal product code
Other name
Pharmaceutical forms
Tablet
Routes of administration
Oral use
Dosage and administration details
Patients randomized in this group will receive 750 mg of MMF per os twice a day starting on the day of transplant. MMF dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate.

Number of subjects in period 1
Azathioprine Mycophenolate Mofetil
Started
114
119
Completed
95
100
Not completed
19
19
     Protocol deviation
-
2
     Adverse event, serious fatal
7
3
     Adverse event, non-fatal
7
8
     Consent withdrawn by subject
1
3
     Participating Centre withdrawal
-
1
     Lost to follow-up
-
2
     Participating center withdrawal
4
-

Baseline characteristics

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Baseline characteristics reporting groups
Reporting group title
Azathioprine
Reporting group description
Patients randomized in this group will receive 75 mg of AZA per os (or 125 mg if body weight > 75 kg) once a day starting on the day of transplant. AZA dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate.

Reporting group title
Mycophenolate Mofetil
Reporting group description
Patients randomized in this group will receive 750 mg of MMF per os twice a day starting on the day of transplant. MMF dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate

Reporting group values
Azathioprine Mycophenolate Mofetil Total
Number of subjects
114 119 233
Age categorical
Units: Subjects
    Adults (18-64 years)
96 99 195
    From 65-84 years
18 20 38
Age continuous
Units: years
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
52.5 ± 12.5 52.4 ± 12.5 -
Gender categorical
Units: Subjects
    Female
30 41 71
    Male
84 78 162
Single/Double kidney graft
Units: Subjects
    Single
105 108 213
    Double
9 11 20
Hypertension before trasplant
Units: Subjects
    Presence
41 35 76
    Absence
73 84 157
Pannel reactive antibody (PRA)
Units: Subjects
    PRA>20%
2 0 2
    PRA<20%
112 119 231
Primary cause of renal failure
Units: Subjects
    Diabetes mellitus
2 2 4
    Glomerulonephritis
24 28 52
    Hypertension, renovascular disease
10 8 18
    Polycystic kidney disease
27 23 50
    Pyelonephritis/Interstitial nephritis
4 1 5
    Systemic disease
2 4 6
    Urinary tract alteration
5 10 15
    Other
13 23 36
    Uncertain
27 20 47
Donors gender
Units: Subjects
    Female
57 56 113
    Male
57 63 120
HLA A mismatches
Units: Subjects
    HLA A 0
18 20 38
    HLA A 1
64 60 124
    HLA A 2
32 39 71
HLA B mismatches
Units: Subjects
    HLA B 0
16 14 30
    HLA B 1
46 54 100
    HLA B 2
52 51 103
HLA DR mismatches
Units: Subjects
    HLA DR 0
14 17 31
    HLA DR 1
62 60 122
    HLA DR 2
38 42 80
Weight
Units: Kg
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
71.6 ± 13.2 68.1 ± 14.0 -
BMI
Units: Kg/m2
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
24.4 ± 3.8 23.9 ± 4.1 -
Systolic blood pressure
Units: mmHg
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
137.2 ± 21.6 139 ± 27.5 -
Diastolic blood pressure
Units: mmHg
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
81.6 ± 11.6 81.9 ± 13.3 -
Duration of Previuos dialysis
Units: months
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
51.6 ± 28.4 55.0 ± 39.0 -
Age of donors
Units: Year
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
50.6 ± 14.9 51.7 ± 14.9 -
Weight of donors
Units: Kg
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
71.3 ± 17.7 72.9 ± 15.8 -

End points

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End points reporting groups
Reporting group title
Azathioprine
Reporting group description
Patients randomized in this group will receive 75 mg of AZA per os (or 125 mg if body weight > 75 kg) once a day starting on the day of transplant. AZA dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate.

Reporting group title
Mycophenolate Mofetil
Reporting group description
Patients randomized in this group will receive 750 mg of MMF per os twice a day starting on the day of transplant. MMF dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate

Primary: The incidence of Chronic Allograft Nephropathy (CAN)

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End point title
The incidence of Chronic Allograft Nephropathy (CAN)
End point description
To compare the incidence of CAN 3 years post-transplantation in patients receiving induction therapy with basiliximab and low-dose RATG and randomized to maintenance immunosuppression with low-dose MMF or AZA monotherapy. Due to organizational problem CAN events have been evaluated with the graft biopsy performed between 24 month and 50 month post transplantation.
End point type
Primary
End point timeframe
To compare the incidence of CAN 3 years post-transplantation in patients receiving induction therapy with basiliximab and low-dose RATG and randomized to maintenance immunosuppression with low-dose MMF or AZA monotherapy.
End point values
Azathioprine Mycophenolate Mofetil
Number of subjects analysed
73 [1]
72 [2]
Units: Event
37
40
Notes
[1] - 41 patient didn't have biopsy data to evaluate the primary endponint due to organizational problems
[2] - 47 patient didn't have biopsy data to evaluate the primary endponint due to organizational problems
Statistical analysis title
Primary endpoint
Statistical analysis description
Comparison of Chronic Allograft Nephropathy incidences between patient treated with Azathioprine or Micofenolate at 3 year post transplantation . Due to organizational problem CAN events have been evaluated with the graft biopsy performed between 24 month and 50 month post transplantation.
Comparison groups
Mycophenolate Mofetil v Azathioprine
Number of subjects included in analysis
145
Analysis specification
Pre-specified
Analysis type
superiority [3]
P-value
= 0.3304 [4]
Method
Logrank
Confidence interval
Notes
[3] - Survival analysis
[4] - Wilcoxon p=0.3862

Adverse events

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Adverse events information
Timeframe for reporting adverse events
The adverse events will be reported during whole study up to 30 days after last dose of study drug.
Assessment type
Systematic
Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
Dictionary name
MedDRA
Dictionary version
20
Reporting groups
Reporting group title
Azathioprine
Reporting group description
Patients randomized in this group will receive 75 mg of AZA per os (or 125 mg if body weight > 75 kg) once a day starting on the day of transplant. AZA dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate.

Reporting group title
Mycophenolate Mofetil
Reporting group description
Patients randomized in this group will receive 750 mg of MMF per os twice a day starting on the day of transplant. MMF dose will be reduced in case of white blood cell count lower than 2,000/mm3 and whenever deemed clinically appropriate

Serious adverse events
Azathioprine Mycophenolate Mofetil
Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
     subjects affected / exposed
94 / 114 (82.46%)
96 / 119 (80.67%)
     number of deaths (all causes)
6
4
     number of deaths resulting from adverse events
0
0
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Neoplasm skin
     subjects affected / exposed
3 / 114 (2.63%)
5 / 119 (4.20%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 3
0 / 5
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 1
Neoplasm bladder
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
0 / 119 (0.00%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
Neoplasm stomach
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
0 / 119 (0.00%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
Neoplasm hematologic
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 114 (1.75%)
1 / 119 (0.84%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 2
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Neoplasm kidney
     subjects affected / exposed
6 / 114 (5.26%)
2 / 119 (1.68%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 6
0 / 2
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
Neoplasm prostate
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
0 / 119 (0.00%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
General disorders and administration site conditions
Other disease
     subjects affected / exposed
27 / 114 (23.68%)
18 / 119 (15.13%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 30
0 / 22
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Psychiatric disorders
Mood disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 114 (1.75%)
1 / 119 (0.84%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 4
0 / 3
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Surgical event
     subjects affected / exposed
10 / 114 (8.77%)
9 / 119 (7.56%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 11
0 / 11
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac and vascular
     subjects affected / exposed
17 / 114 (14.91%)
20 / 119 (16.81%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 26
0 / 21
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 3
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anaemia
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 114 (1.75%)
2 / 119 (1.68%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 2
0 / 2
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Hematologic disease
     subjects affected / exposed
7 / 114 (6.14%)
7 / 119 (5.88%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 7
0 / 7
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Respiratory disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
18 / 114 (15.79%)
13 / 119 (10.92%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 20
0 / 10
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
Nervous system disorders
Neurologic disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
2 / 119 (1.68%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 2
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Eye disorders
Retinal detachment
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
0 / 119 (0.00%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Gastrointestinal disorders
Liver and gastrointestinal disease
     subjects affected / exposed
17 / 114 (14.91%)
21 / 119 (17.65%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 18
0 / 24
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Oral disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 114 (1.75%)
3 / 119 (2.52%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 2
0 / 3
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Renal and urinary disorders
Transplant rejection
Additional description: Acute cellular and/or humoral rejection according to Banff 09
     subjects affected / exposed
50 / 114 (43.86%)
53 / 119 (44.54%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 52
0 / 55
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Delayed graft function
     subjects affected / exposed
10 / 114 (8.77%)
6 / 119 (5.04%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 10
0 / 6
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Primary disease recurrence
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
2 / 119 (1.68%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 2
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Graft dysfunction
     subjects affected / exposed
10 / 114 (8.77%)
13 / 119 (10.92%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 15
0 / 18
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Native kidney cyst infection
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
0 / 119 (0.00%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Urological disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
23 / 114 (20.18%)
22 / 119 (18.49%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 21
0 / 31
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Skin, subcutaneous, muskuskeletal, and trauma
     subjects affected / exposed
3 / 114 (2.63%)
3 / 119 (2.52%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 3
0 / 4
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Endocrine disorders
Severe hyperparathyroidism
     subjects affected / exposed
20 / 114 (17.54%)
2 / 119 (1.68%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 2
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
parathyroid adenoma
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
1 / 119 (0.84%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Metabolic disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 114 (1.75%)
2 / 119 (1.68%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 2
0 / 2
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
0 / 0
Infections and infestations
Infection disease
     subjects affected / exposed
34 / 114 (29.82%)
23 / 119 (19.33%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 49
0 / 42
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
0 / 0
Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
Non-serious adverse events
Azathioprine Mycophenolate Mofetil
Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
     subjects affected / exposed
113 / 114 (99.12%)
114 / 119 (95.80%)
Surgical and medical procedures
Surgical intervention
     subjects affected / exposed
10 / 114 (8.77%)
9 / 119 (7.56%)
     occurrences all number
12
12
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Lung Bening nodule
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
1 / 119 (0.84%)
     occurrences all number
1
1
Bening thyroid nodule
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
0 / 119 (0.00%)
     occurrences all number
1
0
General disorders and administration site conditions
Allergy
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 114 (0.88%)
1 / 119 (0.84%)
     occurrences all number
1
1
Oral disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
11 / 114 (9.65%)
14 / 119 (11.76%)
     occurrences all number
11
16
Other Disease
     subjects affected / exposed
78 / 114 (68.42%)
74 / 119 (62.18%)
     occurrences all number
168
142
Psychiatric disorders
Mood disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
20 / 114 (17.54%)
24 / 119 (20.17%)
     occurrences all number
22
25
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Urological disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
30 / 114 (26.32%)
42 / 119 (35.29%)
     occurrences all number
43
60
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac and vascular disease
     subjects affected / exposed
47 / 114 (41.23%)
51 / 119 (42.86%)
     occurrences all number
76
74
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anaemia
     subjects affected / exposed
55 / 114 (48.25%)
45 / 119 (37.82%)
     occurrences all number
71
55
Hematologic disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
22 / 114 (19.30%)
20 / 119 (16.81%)
     occurrences all number
22
25
Leukopenia
     subjects affected / exposed
68 / 114 (59.65%)
46 / 119 (38.66%)
     occurrences all number
82
64
Thrombocytopenia
     subjects affected / exposed
24 / 114 (21.05%)
13 / 119 (10.92%)
     occurrences all number
28
13
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Respiratory disease
     subjects affected / exposed
34 / 114 (29.82%)
31 / 119 (26.05%)
     occurrences all number
49
48
Nervous system disorders
Neurologic disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
25 / 114 (21.93%)
25 / 119 (21.01%)
     occurrences all number
32
30
Eye disorders
Relapse of ocular neoplasia
     subjects affected / exposed
0 / 114 (0.00%)
1 / 119 (0.84%)
     occurrences all number
0
1
Ocular disease
     subjects affected / exposed
17 / 114 (14.91%)
14 / 119 (11.76%)
     occurrences all number
24
18
Gastrointestinal disorders
Liver and gastrointestinal disease
     subjects affected / exposed
59 / 114 (51.75%)
61 / 119 (51.26%)
     occurrences all number
114
104
Renal and urinary disorders
Chronic allograft nephropathy
     subjects affected / exposed
21 / 114 (18.42%)
32 / 119 (26.89%)
     occurrences all number
21
32
Delayed graft function
     subjects affected / exposed
15 / 114 (13.16%)
10 / 119 (8.40%)
     occurrences all number
15
10
Primary renal disease recurrence
     subjects affected / exposed
3 / 114 (2.63%)
0 / 119 (0.00%)
     occurrences all number
3
0
Graft dysfunction
     subjects affected / exposed
24 / 114 (21.05%)
28 / 119 (23.53%)
     occurrences all number
30
34
End stage renal disease
     subjects affected / exposed
6 / 114 (5.26%)
4 / 119 (3.36%)
     occurrences all number
6
4
Urinary disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
5 / 114 (4.39%)
2 / 119 (1.68%)
     occurrences all number
5
2
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Skin disease
     subjects affected / exposed
38 / 114 (33.33%)
36 / 119 (30.25%)
     occurrences all number
57
46
Endocrine disorders
Hyperparathyroidism secondary
     subjects affected / exposed
19 / 114 (16.67%)
22 / 119 (18.49%)
     occurrences all number
19
24
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Metabolic disorder
     subjects affected / exposed
97 / 114 (85.09%)
100 / 119 (84.03%)
     occurrences all number
349
339
Infections and infestations
Infection
     subjects affected / exposed
80 / 114 (70.18%)
84 / 119 (70.59%)
     occurrences all number
184
183

More information

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Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
Date
Amendment
05 Mar 2007
Study protocol amendment n. 1 Admitted the enrollment of patient >60 years old Excluded the patient receiving a tranplant from living donors. Added the hystologial evaluation at baseline Better detailed the criteria for the hystological evaluation at the first year Detailed the Csa tapering, the patient monitoring during follow up period and stopping rules. Better defined the safety interim analysis
15 Oct 2007
Study protocol amendment n. 2 Modified the induction therapy with the introduction of methilprednisolone at 500, 200, 125 mg the three days after the transplant and modified the cyclosporine dosage during the first year to reduce the risk of acute rejection. Modified the collection of the biochemical parameters according to the standard clinical practice
08 Aug 2008
Study protocol amendment n. 3 Modified induction therapy with basiliximab (two 20 mg injections: the first one pre-operatively, the second one 4 days post-transplant) plus RATG lowdose (0.5 mg/kg/day for 7 days, starting pre-operatively on the day of transplant). Patients also received intravenous methylprednisolone on day 0 (500 mg), day 1 (250 mg) and day 2 (125 mg) and oral prednisone on day 3 (75 mg), 4 (50 mg), 5 (25 mg) and 6 (25 mg). Thereafter, patients were free of steroid therapy.
31 Mar 2009
Study protocol amendment n. 4 - Included patients receiving double kidney transplant from deceased donors
06 Oct 2011
Study protocol amendment n. 5 The original schema applied for the progressive reduction of cyclosporin and complete suspension in 20 weeks (starting from a kidney biopsy scheduled for a one-year post-transplant protocol) was changed due to safety reasons. In order to standardize CsA tapering and achieving CsA withdrawal over an homogeneous follow-up period, patients will reduce the initial CsA dose by about 10% every 4 weeks. By this approach, 50% tapering should be achieved in 24 weeks. After additional 6 months at 50% of the initial CsA dose in addition to MMF or azathioprine as maintenance immunosuppressive therapy, should no rejection episodes occur (second year biopsy), a further progressive tapering of CsA dose will be attempted up to complete CsA withdrawal. Tapering will be scheduled as above and the initial CsA dose (at time of 1st graft biopsy) will be reduced by about 10% every 4 weeks. Thus, complete CsA withdrawal will be achieved 18 months after starting the initial CsA tapering, i.e at 29-30 months post-transplantation.

Interruptions (globally)

Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

Limitations and caveats

Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
None reported
3
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