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How TENS Affects Pain, Medication Use, and Muscle Function in Older Adults With Hip Fractures (TENS-HIP)

4 maggio 2026 aggiornato da: Isabel de Almeida Paz, University of the Sinos Valley

Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on Pain and Analgesic Use and the Association of Clinical and Psychosocial Factors With Muscle Function in Older Adults With Hip Fracture

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) can reduce perioperative pain in older adults with hip fractures. It will also evaluate its effects on physiological and psychological outcomes. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Does adding TENS to usual care during the preoperative phase reduce pain intensity and analgesic consumption? Does TENS affect pressure pain threshold and vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate)?

Researchers will compare active TENS to sham TENS (no perceptible stimulation) to see if TENS is effective in reducing pain and improving related outcomes.

Participants will:

  • Undergo a standardized baseline assessment, including evaluation of pain, vital signs, anxiety, discomfort, and pressure pain threshold
  • Complete questionnaires assessing quality of life, physical activity, depressive symptoms, anxiety, fear of falling, and pain catastrophizing
  • Be randomly assigned to receive either active TENS or sham TENS
  • Receive a single 45-minute TENS session
  • Have their analgesic use recorded for the 24 hours before and after the intervention.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Non ancora reclutamento

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Descrizione dettagliata

Hip fractures in older adults are commonly associated with significant perioperative pain, which is often managed with opioid analgesics despite their potential adverse effects. Non-pharmacological and non-invasive strategies, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), have been proposed as adjunctive approaches for pain management. While previous studies have primarily focused on postoperative applications, the effects of TENS during the preoperative phase remain unclear.

This randomized clinical trial will include 32 older adults diagnosed with hip fracture. After providing written informed consent, participants will undergo a standardized baseline assessment. Demographic and clinical data, including age, sex, marital status, and education level, will be collected through an anamnesis form.

Physiological and clinical outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention. These include vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate), pain intensity, discomfort level, anxiety level, and pressure pain threshold. Additionally, validated instruments will be applied once prior to the intervention to assess broader health domains, including quality of life (SF-36), physical activity level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire - IPAQ), depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale), anxiety symptoms (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), fear of falling (Falls Efficacy Scale International), and pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale).

Following baseline assessments, participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. The intervention group (G1) will receive active TENS, with intensity adjusted to the maximum level tolerated by the participant. The control group (G2) will receive sham TENS, with intensity set at a sub-sensory level without perceptible stimulation. The intervention will consist of a single session lasting 45 minutes.

Analgesic consumption will be evaluated based on the type and quantity of medications used by participants in the 24 hours before and 24 hours after the intervention. These data will be obtained from medical records and prescription information.

This study aims to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of preoperative TENS as an adjunct to usual care for pain management and its potential influence on physiological and psychological outcomes in older adults with hip fractures.

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Stimato)

32

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Contatto studio

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Adulto
  • Adulto più anziano

Accetta volontari sani

No

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Older adults (male and female) diagnosed with hip fracture
  • Age ≥ 60 years
  • Admitted to the hospital inpatient unit (HPS)
  • Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥ 20

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Conditions contraindicating electrical stimulation, such as presence of a pacemaker, significant sensory loss in the lower limbs, or skin lesions at the electrode placement site
  • History of neurological or cognitive impairment that may interfere with understanding of the assessments
  • Previous treatment with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in the lower limb within the last 3 months

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Trattamento
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Separare

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Comparatore attivo: Active TENS
Group 1 will receive active TENS, with intensity adjusted to the maximum level tolerated by the participant.
Dispositivo: Active Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
Active transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) will be applied for 45 minutes, with intensity adjusted to the maximum level tolerated by the participant.
Comparatore fittizio: Sham TENS
Group 2 will receive sham TENS, with intensity adjusted to a sub-sensory level (no perceptible stimulation).
Dispositivo: Sham Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (Sham TENS)
Sham transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) will be applied for 45 minutes, with intensity set at a sub-sensory level, with no perceptible stimulation.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Pain intensity
Lasso di tempo: Before and immediately after the intervention (single session)
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates worst imaginable pain. Higher scores represent worse outcomes.
Before and immediately after the intervention (single session)
Pressure pain threshold
Lasso di tempo: Before and immediately after the intervention
Pressure pain threshold will be measured using a pressure algometer.
Before and immediately after the intervention
Blood pressure
Lasso di tempo: Before and immediately after the intervention
Blood pressure will be measured before and after the intervention.
Before and immediately after the intervention
Analgesic consumption
Lasso di tempo: 24 hours before and 24 hours after the intervention
Analgesic use will be assessed based on the type and quantity of medications recorded in medical records.
24 hours before and 24 hours after the intervention
Quality of life (SF-36)
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (pre-intervention)
Quality of life will be assessed using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), ranging from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate better quality of life.
Baseline (pre-intervention)
Physical activity level (IPAQ)
Lasso di tempo: Baseline
Physical activity level will be assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), expressed in MET-minutes/week. Higher values indicate higher levels of physical activity.
Baseline
Depressive symptoms
Lasso di tempo: Baseline
Depressive symptoms will be assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), ranging from 0 to 15, where higher scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms.
Baseline
Anxiety symptoms
Lasso di tempo: Baseline
Anxiety will be assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), ranging from 20 to 80, where higher scores indicate greater anxiety levels.
Baseline
Fear of falling
Lasso di tempo: Baseline
Fear of falling will be assessed using the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), ranging from 16 to 64, where higher scores indicate greater concern about falling.
Baseline
Pain catastrophizing
Lasso di tempo: Baseline
Pain catastrophizing will be assessed using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), ranging from 0 to 52, where higher scores indicate greater levels of catastrophizing.
Baseline
Heart rate
Lasso di tempo: Before and immediately after the intervention
Heart rate will be measured before and after the intervention.
Before and immediately after the intervention
Respiratory rate
Lasso di tempo: Before and immediately after the intervention
Respiratory rate will be measured before and after the intervention.
Before and immediately after the intervention

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

University of the Sinos Valley

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Stimato)

22 maggio 2026

Completamento primario (Stimato)

28 dicembre 2026

Completamento dello studio (Stimato)

28 gennaio 2027

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

22 aprile 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

3 maggio 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

5 maggio 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

8 maggio 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

4 maggio 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 maggio 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Parole chiave

Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • 96034926.1.0000.5338

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

INDECISO

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .

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