Smoking Cessation Using Wearable Sensors: Protocol for a Microrandomized Trial

Laura M Hernandez, David W Wetter, Santosh Kumar, Steven K Sutton, Christine Vinci, Laura M Hernandez, David W Wetter, Santosh Kumar, Steven K Sutton, Christine Vinci

Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoking has numerous health consequences and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Mindfulness has the ability to enhance resilience to stressors and can strengthen an individual's ability to deal with discomfort, which may be particularly useful when managing withdrawal and craving to smoke.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate feasibility results from an intervention that provides real-time, real-world mindfulness strategies to a sample of racially and ethnically diverse smokers making a quit attempt.

Methods: This study uses a microrandomized trial design to deliver mindfulness-based strategies in real time to individuals attempting to quit smoking. Data will be collected via wearable sensors, a study smartphone, and questionnaires filled out during the in-person study visits.

Results: Recruitment is complete, and data management is ongoing.

Conclusions: The data collected during this feasibility trial will provide preliminary findings about whether mindfulness strategies delivered in real time are a useful quit smoking aid that warrants additional investigation.

Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03404596; https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT03404596.

International registered report identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/22877.

Keywords: mHealth; microrandomized trial; mindfulness; mobile phone; smoking cessation; tobacco.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

©Laura M Hernandez, David W Wetter, Santosh Kumar, Steven K Sutton, Christine Vinci. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 24.02.2021.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study timeline. Ax: assessment; EMA: ecological momentary assessment; NRT: nicotine replacement therapy.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Autosense equipment.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mindfulness strategies.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Randomization process based on the detection of high negative affect (low negative affect, lapse, and no lapse are not represented here for simplicity purposes). R: randomization.

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