In-Vitro Growth Inhibition of Bacterial Pathogens by Probiotics and a Synbiotic: Product Composition Matters

Jacek Piatek, Hanna Krauss, Arleta Ciechelska-Rybarczyk, Malgorzata Bernatek, Paulina Wojtyla-Buciora, Henning Sommermeyer, Jacek Piatek, Hanna Krauss, Arleta Ciechelska-Rybarczyk, Malgorzata Bernatek, Paulina Wojtyla-Buciora, Henning Sommermeyer

Abstract

A variety of activities potentially contribute to the beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria observed in humans. Among these is a direct inhibition of the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gut. The present study characterizes head-to-head the in-vitro pathogen growth inhibition of clinically relevant infectious bacterial strains by different types of probiotics and a synbiotic. In-vitro growth inhibition of Escherichia (E.) coli EPEC, Shigella (Sh.) sonnei, Salmonella (S.) typhimurium, Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae and Clostridioides (C.) difficile were determined. Investigated products were a yeast mono strain probiotic containing Saccharomyces (Sac.) boulardii, bacterial mono strain probiotics containing either Lactobacillus (L.) rhamnosus GG or L. reuteri DSM 17938, a multi strain probiotic containing three L. rhamnosus strains (E/N, Oxy, Pen), and a multi strain synbiotic containing nine different probiotic bacterial strains and the prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Inhibition of pathogens was moderate by Sac. boulardii and L. rhamnosus GG, medium by L. reuteri DSM 17938 and the L. rhamnosus E/N, Oxy, Pen mixture and strong by the multi strain synbiotic. Head-to-head in-vitro pathogen growth inhibition experiments can be used to differentiate products from different categories containing probiotic microorganisms and can support the selection process of products for further clinical evaluation.

Keywords: antimicrobial activity; gut microbiome; pathogen overgrowth.

Conflict of interest statement

Henning Sommermeyer works as a consultant for Vivatrex GmbH, a company which is marketing Multilac® Baby in Germany. Vivatrex GmbH was not involved in the design, collection, analyses or interpretation of data, in writing the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
In-vitro growth inhibition of pathogens by different probiotics and a multi strain synbiotic. The L. rhamnosus E/N, Oxy, Pen mixture contains the three different probiotics in a CFU ratio of 40/20/40. The multi strain synbiotic contains a mixture of equal CFU amounts of L. acidophilus LA-14; L. casei R0215; L. paracasei Lpc-3; L. plantarum Lp-115; L. rhamnosus GG, L. salivarius Ls-33, B. lactis Bl-04, B. bifidum R0071, B. longum R0175 and the prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Significant differences (p-values < 0.01) between the inhibitions by different products are indicated by horizontal lines marked with an asterisk (*).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Example of the effects of the multi strain synbiotic (A) and FOS (B) on the in-vitro growth of Enteropathogenic E. coli EPEC.

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