Starchy Carbohydrates in a Healthy Diet: The Role of the Humble Potato

Tracey M Robertson, Abdulrahman Z Alzaabi, M Denise Robertson, Barbara A Fielding, Tracey M Robertson, Abdulrahman Z Alzaabi, M Denise Robertson, Barbara A Fielding

Abstract

Potatoes have been an affordable, staple part of the diet for many hundreds of years. Recently however, there has been a decline in consumption, perhaps influenced by erroneous reports of being an unhealthy food. This review provides an overview of the nutritional value of potatoes and examines the evidence for associations between potato consumption and non-communicable diseases. Potatoes are an important source of micronutrients, such as vitamin C, vitamin B6, potassium, folate, and iron and contribute a significant amount of fibre to the diet. However, nutrient content is affected by cooking method; boiling causes leaching of water-soluble nutrients, whereas frying can increase the resistant starch content of the cooked potato. Epidemiological studies have reported associations between potato intake and obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, results are contradictory and confounded by lack of detail on cooking methods. Indeed, potatoes have been reported to be more satiating than other starchy carbohydrates, such as pasta and rice, which may aid weight maintenance. Future research should consider cooking methods in the study design in order to reduce confounding factors and further explore the health impact of this food.

Keywords: CVD; T2DM; fibre; nutrition; obesity; potato; resistant starch; satiety.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Global production of major starchy carbohydrate crops in 2016 [10].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Top twelve producers of potato by country in 2016 [10].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Annual per capita supply of potatoes, available for food, in 2013, as a marker of potential consumption [10]. Figures estimated based on the amounts produced, exported and imported, with deductions made for losses during storage and transport and amounts used for seed, animal feed, and non-food uses.

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