Immediate Reactions to Fluorescein and Indocyanine Green in Retinal Angiography: Review of Literature and Proposal for Patient's Evaluation

Jorge Meira, Maria Luís Marques, Fernando Falcão-Reis, Eva Rebelo Gomes, Ângela Carneiro, Jorge Meira, Maria Luís Marques, Fernando Falcão-Reis, Eva Rebelo Gomes, Ângela Carneiro

Abstract

Introduction: Contrast rapid sequence angiography with fluorescein or indocyanine green (ICG) is a diagnostic procedure commonly used in ophthalmology. Adverse reactions to fluorescein and ICG are rare and may be classified as toxic, of hypersensitivity and non-specific. The evaluation and management of a patient with an adverse reaction is a challenge for the majority of ophthalmologists, as is the assessment of risk factors that may contraindicate the procedure.

Purpose: We aim to review the concepts underlying adverse reactions to fluorescein and ICG, especially those of hypersensitivity, and present a proposal or the evaluation of the patients in need to perform retinal angiography and for the treatment of immediate reactions to fluorescein and ICG.

Methods: The available literature was examined using PubMed-Medline, and using the MeSH terms "fluorescein", "Indocyanine green", "ophthalmic dyes", "retinal angiography", "adverse reactions", and "allergic reaction".

Conclusion: This review may help ophthalmologists to identify patients with higher risk of a hypersensitivity reaction and give them tools to recognize patients with suspected hypersensitivity that may benefit from an allergy study.

Keywords: adverse reactions; fluorescein; hypersensitivity reaction; indocyanine green; ophthalmic dyes; retinal angiography.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

© 2020 Meira et al.

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Source: PubMed

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