Hemorrhoids

Abstract

Hemorrhoid disease is the most common reason patients seek evaluation by a colon and rectal surgeon. The majority of hemorrhoids can be managed nonoperatively with medical management or office-based procedures. The authors review the anatomy, pathophysiology, presentation, and management of hemorrhoids.

Keywords: Hemorrhoids; bleeding; ligation; medical management; prolapse; thrombosis.

Figures

Figure 1

Hemorrhoid thrombosis.

Figure 2

Excision of thrombosis.

Figure 3

Ulcerated thrombosis.

Figure 4

Acute hemorrhoid disease.

Figure 5

Injection of local anesthetic.

Figure 6

Office treatment of acute hemorrhoid disease.

Figure 7

Ligation of reduced internal hemorrhoids without anoscope after local block.