Relationship Between Weekly Patterns of Caloric Intake and Reported Weight Loss Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Study

Christine Hill, Brian W Weir, Laura W Fuentes, Alicia Garcia-Alvarez, Danya P Anouti, Lawrence J Cheskin, Christine Hill, Brian W Weir, Laura W Fuentes, Alicia Garcia-Alvarez, Danya P Anouti, Lawrence J Cheskin

Abstract

Background: Although millions of overweight and obese adults use mobile phone apps for weight loss, little is known about the predictors of success.

Objective: The objective of this study was to understand the relationship between weight loss outcomes and weekly patterns of caloric intake among overweight and obese adults using a mobile phone app for weight loss.

Methods: We examined the relationship between weekly patterns of caloric intake and weight loss outcomes among adults who began using a weight loss app in January 2016 and continued consistent use for at least 5 months (N=7007). Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the predictors of percentage of bodyweight lost for women and men separately, including age, body mass index category, weight loss plan, and difference in daily calories consumed on weekend days (Saturday and Sunday) versus Monday.

Results: In adjusted linear regression, percentage of bodyweight lost was significantly associated with age (for women), body mass index (for men), weight loss plan, and differences in daily caloric intake on Mondays versus weekend days. Compared with women consuming at least 500 calories more on weekend days than on Mondays, those who consumed 50 to 250 calories more on weekend days or those with balanced consumption (±50 calories) lost 1.64% more and 1.82% more bodyweight, respectively. Women consuming 250 to 500 calories or more than 500 calories more on Mondays than on weekend days lost 1.35% more and 3.58% more bodyweight, respectively. Compared with men consuming at least 500 calories more on weekend days than on Mondays, those consuming 250 to 500 calories or more than 500 calories more on Mondays than on weekend days lost 2.27% and 3.42% less bodyweight, respectively.

Conclusions: Consistent caloric intake on weekend days and Mondays or consuming slightly fewer calories per day on Mondays versus weekend days was associated with more successful weight loss.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03136692; https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT03136692 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6y9JvHya4).

Keywords: caloric restriction; diet habits; mobile apps; weight reduction.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

©Christine Hill, Brian W Weir, Laura W Fuentes, Alicia Garcia-Alvarez, Danya P Anouti, Lawrence J Cheskin. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 16.04.2018.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Inclusion of regular Lose It! app users between 18 and 80 years of age in analyses. Regular users are defined as users logging food at least 8 times during the first or second half of each month (January, February, March, April, and May). BMI: body mass index.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Caloric intake by day of the week relative to mean caloric intake for women (n=4702) and men (n=2305) who used the Lose It! mobile phone app.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Distribution of percentage of bodyweight lost for women (n=4702) and men (n=2305) who used the Lose It! mobile phone app.

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