Role of HMGB1 in Vitiligo: Current Perceptions and Future Perspectives

Guangmin Wei, Yinghao Pan, Jingying Wang, Xia Xiong, Yuanmin He, Jixiang Xu, Guangmin Wei, Yinghao Pan, Jingying Wang, Xia Xiong, Yuanmin He, Jixiang Xu

Abstract

Vitiligo is a chronic depigmenting disorder of the skin and mucosa caused by the destruction of epidermal melanocytes. Although the exact mechanism has not been elucidated, studies have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. High mobility group box protein B1 (HMGB1) is a major nonhistone protein and an extracellular proinflammatory or chemotactic molecule that is actively secreted or passively released by necrotic cells. Recent data showed that HMGB1 is overexpressed in both blood and lesional specimens from vitiligo patients. Moreover, oxidative stress triggers the release of HMGB1 from keratinocytes and melanocytes, indicating that HMGB1 may participate in the pathological process of vitiligo. Overall, this review mainly focuses on the role of HMGB1 in the potential mechanisms underlying vitiligo depigmentation under oxidative stress. In this review, we hope to provide new insights into vitiligo pathogenesis and treatment strategies.

Keywords: HMGB1; melanocytes; oxidative stress; vitiligo.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

© 2022 Wei et al.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The possible pathogenic function of HMGB1 in the development of vitiligo associated with oxidative stress.

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