HRV-Guided Training for Professional Endurance Athletes: A Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

María Carrasco-Poyatos, Alberto González-Quílez, Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro, Antonio Granero-Gallegos, María Carrasco-Poyatos, Alberto González-Quílez, Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro, Antonio Granero-Gallegos

Abstract

Physiological training responses depend on sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) balance. This activity can be measured using heart rate variability (HRV). Such a measurement method can favor individualized training planning to improve athletes' performance. Recently, HRV-guided training has been implemented both on professional and amateur sportsmen and sportswomen with varied results. There is a dearth of studies involving professional endurance athletes following a defined HRV-guided training protocol. The objectives of the proposed protocol are: (i) to determine changes in the performance of high-level athletes after following an HRV-guided or a traditional training period and (ii) to determine differences in the athletes' performance after following both training protocols. This will be a 12-week cluster-randomized controlled protocol in which professional athletes will be assigned to an HRV-based training group (HRV-G) or a traditional-based training group (TRAD-G). TRAD-G will train according to a predefined training program. HRV-G training will depend on the athletes' daily HRV. The maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) attained in an incremental treadmill test will be considered as the primary outcome. It is expected that this HRV-guided training protocol will improve functional performance in the high-level athletes, achieving better results than a traditional training method, and thus providing a good strategy for coaches of high-level athletes.

Keywords: HRV; VO2max; endurance training; high level athletes; running; training performance.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
HRV-guided training schema. Modified from Kiviniemi et al. [34]. Note: When LnrMSSD7-d remained inside their normal range, high-intensity or moderate-intensity training sessions were prescribed. If LnrMSSD7-d fell outside their normal range (below), low intensity or rest were prescribed. HIIT/MOD = high/moderate-intensity interval training; HRV = heart rate variability; LnrMSSD7-d = 7-day rolling average of the natural logarithm of the root-mean-squared differences of successive RR intervals.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schedule of enrolment, interventions and assessment. Note: HRV-G = heart rate variability-based training group; TRAD-G = traditional based training group; PR = preparation period; TR = training period.

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