Hemodynamic and metabolic response during dynamic and resistance exercise in different intensities: a cross-sectional study on implications of intensity on safety and symptoms in patients with coronary disease

Abstract

Resistance (RE) and aerobic exercise (AE) can promote hemodynamic, physiologic and clinical modifications in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. The aim of the study is to assess key physiologic and clinical responses during RE at 30% and 60% of 1-RM on a 45° leg press and to compare responses during AE. We evaluated fifteen male subjects with coronary artery disease (60.8±4.7 years) that performed the following tests: (1) incremental AE test on cycle ergometer; (2) 1-RM test on a leg press at 45°; (3) and RE at 30% and 60% of 1-RM for 24 repetitions. Peak cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2) and the minute ventilation (VE, L/min)/VCO2 ration were measured. We found that both AE and RE at 60% of aerobic and resistance capacity elicited similar hemodynamic and ventilatory responses (p>0.05). However, RE at 30% 1-RM showed more attenuated responses of VO2, VE/VCO2, HR and CO when compared with 60% of aerobic and resistance capacity. Interestingly, the number, percentage and the severity of arrhythmias were higher at 60% 1-RM (P<0.05). Our data suggest that high repetition sets of RE at 60% 1-RM appears to result in hemodynamic, ventilatory, and metabolic changes equivalent to those observed during AE at a comparable intensity.

Keywords: Cardiac rehabilitation; coronary artery disease; resistance exercise.

Figures

Figure 1

Flowchart of the study.

Figure 2

VO2, oxygen uptake; VE/VCO2, ventilation to carbon dioxide production. Contrasting of peak VO2 (A) and VE/VCO2 in (B) on CPX, in 30% and 60% of 1-RM on leg press 45°. Data are reported as means ± SD. *P<0.05 comparing CPX and 30%, #P<0.05 comparing 30% and 60% loads (one-way ANOVA).

Figure 3

Contrasting of peak CO, cardiac output (A), HR, heart rate (B), SBP, systolic blood pressure (C), RPP, rate pressure product (D) on CPX, in 30% and 60% of 1-RM on leg press 45°. Data are reported as means ± SD. *Pone-way ANOVA).

Figure 4

Illustration of VO2, oxygen uptake and CO, cardiac output during rest, exercise and recovery in 30% and 60% of 1-RM on leg press 45°.

Figure 5

Leg fatigue (0-10) on CPX, 30% and 60% RM. *PFriedman test). Data are reported as means ± SD.