Self-reported snoring and incident cardiovascular disease events: results from the Jackson Heart Study

Abstract

Purpose: Evidence suggests that snoring is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Limited data exists pertaining to this association among African Americans. We therefore examined the association between self-reported habitual snoring and incident CVD in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), a population-based cohort study of African Americans.

Methods: Self-reported data on snoring and risk factors for CVD were collected at baseline (2000-2004). Participants were followed prospectively for the development of incident CVD. Habitual snoring was defined as present if the participants reported it as "often" or "almost always" or absent if reported as "sometimes," "never," or "seldom." A CVD event included stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization procedure, or fatal CHD event. Cox proportional hazards models assessed the independent association between self-reported habitual snoring and incident CVD event adjusting for multiple covariates, including age, sex, hypertension, body mass index, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking status.

Results: The snorer group consisted of 787 participants (mean age 52.1 years) and the nonsnorer group consisted of 3708 participants (mean age 54.9 years). Frequency of incident CVD events in the snorer group was not significantly different from the nonsnorer group. The fully adjusted hazard ratio for a CVD event in the snorer group was 1.01 (95% confidence interval [0.69, 1.47], p value of 0.96).

Conclusion: In conclusion, self-reported habitual snoring was not associated with incident CVD among this large African American cohort. Future studies providing objective data on snoring and sleep apnea may provide more information on the snoring-CVD association among African Americans.

Trial registration: Identification Number: NCT00005485.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Coronary artery disease; Sleep apnea; Snoring; Stroke.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.. Kaplan-Meier plots for the association between snoring and cardiovascular events.

Figures A, B, and C show the KM plots demonstrating the association between snoring and overall CVD events, CHD events alone, and stroke events alone. CVD = cardiovascular disease; CHD = coronary heart disease; KM = Kaplan-Meier