Open Abdomen and Fluid Instillation in the Septic Abdomen: Results from the IROA Study

Federico Coccolini, Francesca Gubbiotti, Marco Ceresoli, Dario Tartaglia, Paola Fugazzola, Luca Ansaloni, Massimo Sartelli, Yoram Kluger, Andrew Kirkpatrick, Francesco Amico, Fausto Catena, Massimo Chiarugi, IROA study group, Giulia Montori, Fracensco Salvetti, Ionut Negoi, Monica Zese, Savino Occhionorelli, Sergei Shlyapnikov, Michael Sugrue, Zaza Demetrashvili, Daniele Dondossola, Orestis Ioannidis, Giuseppe Novelli, Mirco Nacoti, Desmond Khor, Kenji Inaba, Demetrios Demetriades, Torsten Kaussen, Asri Che Jusoh, Wagih Ghannam, Boris Sakakushev, Ohad Guetta, Agron Dogjani, Stefano Costa, Sandeep Singh, Dimitrios Damaskos, Arda Isik, Kuo-Ching Yuan, Francesco Trotta, Stefano Rausei, Aleix Martinez-Perez, Giovanni Bellanova, Vinicius Cordeiro Fonseca, Fernando Hernández, Athanasios Marinis, Wellington Fernandes, Martha Quiodettis, Miklosh Bala, Andras Vereczkei, Rafael Curado, Gustavo Pereira Fraga, Bruno M Pereira, Mahir Gachabayov, Guillermo Perez Chagerben, Miguel Leon Arellano, Sefa Ozyazici, Gianluca Costa, Tugan Tezcaner, Matteo Porta, Yousheng Li, Faruk Karateke, Dimitrios Manatakis, Federico Mariani, Federico Lora, Ivan Sahderov, Boyko Atanasov, Sergio Zegarra, Luca Fattori, Rao Ivatury, Jimmy Xiao, Offir Ben-Ishay, Andrea Lippi, Mario Improta, Andrey Zharikov, Vincent Dubuisson, Federico Coccolini, Francesca Gubbiotti, Marco Ceresoli, Dario Tartaglia, Paola Fugazzola, Luca Ansaloni, Massimo Sartelli, Yoram Kluger, Andrew Kirkpatrick, Francesco Amico, Fausto Catena, Massimo Chiarugi, IROA study group, Giulia Montori, Fracensco Salvetti, Ionut Negoi, Monica Zese, Savino Occhionorelli, Sergei Shlyapnikov, Michael Sugrue, Zaza Demetrashvili, Daniele Dondossola, Orestis Ioannidis, Giuseppe Novelli, Mirco Nacoti, Desmond Khor, Kenji Inaba, Demetrios Demetriades, Torsten Kaussen, Asri Che Jusoh, Wagih Ghannam, Boris Sakakushev, Ohad Guetta, Agron Dogjani, Stefano Costa, Sandeep Singh, Dimitrios Damaskos, Arda Isik, Kuo-Ching Yuan, Francesco Trotta, Stefano Rausei, Aleix Martinez-Perez, Giovanni Bellanova, Vinicius Cordeiro Fonseca, Fernando Hernández, Athanasios Marinis, Wellington Fernandes, Martha Quiodettis, Miklosh Bala, Andras Vereczkei, Rafael Curado, Gustavo Pereira Fraga, Bruno M Pereira, Mahir Gachabayov, Guillermo Perez Chagerben, Miguel Leon Arellano, Sefa Ozyazici, Gianluca Costa, Tugan Tezcaner, Matteo Porta, Yousheng Li, Faruk Karateke, Dimitrios Manatakis, Federico Mariani, Federico Lora, Ivan Sahderov, Boyko Atanasov, Sergio Zegarra, Luca Fattori, Rao Ivatury, Jimmy Xiao, Offir Ben-Ishay, Andrea Lippi, Mario Improta, Andrey Zharikov, Vincent Dubuisson

Abstract

Background: Open abdomen (OA) is a surgical option that can be used in patients with severe peritonitis. Few evidences exist to recommend the use of intraperitoneal fluid instillation associated with OA in managing septic abdomen.

Materials and methods: A prospective analysis of adult patients enrolled in the International Register of Open Abdomen (trial registration: NCT02382770) was performed.

Results: A total of 387 patients were enrolled in two groups: 84 with peritoneal fluid instillation (FI) and 303 without (NFI). The groups were homogeneous for baseline characteristics. Overall complications were 92.9% in FI and 86.3% in NFI (p = 0.106). Complications during OA were 72.6% in FI and 59.9% in NFI (p = 0.034). Complications after definitive closure were 70.8% in FI and 61.1% in NFI (p = 0.133). Entero-atmospheric fistula was 13.1% in FI and 12% in NFI (p = 0.828). Fascial closure was 78.6% in FI and 63.7% in NFI (p = 0.02). Analysis of FI in negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) showed: Overall morbidity in NPWT was 94% and in non-NPWT 91.2% (p = 0.622) and morbidity during OA was 68% and 79.4% (p = 0.25), respectively. Definitive fascial closure in NPWT was 87.8% and 96.8% in non-NPWT (p = 0.173). Overall mortality was 40% in NPWT and 29.4% in non-NPWT (p = 0.32) and morality during OA period was 18% and 8.8% (p = 0.238), respectively.

Conclusion: We found intraperitoneal fluid instillation during open abdomen in peritonitic patients to increase the complication rate during the open abdomen period, with no impact on mortality, entero-atmospheric fistula rate and opening time. Fascial closure rate is increased by instillation. Fluid instillation is feasible even when associated with nonnegative pressure temporary abdominal closure techniques.

Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare to have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Comparison of fluid instillation between non-NPWT and NPWT groups (OA open abdomen)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Comparison between fluid instillation and non-fluid instillation groups (OA open abdomen)

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Source: PubMed

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