- ICH GCP
- 미국 임상 시험 레지스트리
- 임상시험 NCT05093309
Preventing Opioid Overdose Deaths by Empowering Pharmacists to Dispense Naloxone
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the Empowering Community Pharmacists program on pharmacists' knowledge, perceived barriers, attitudes, confidence, and intentions regarding naloxone services implementation, as well as change in number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed.
Methods: A 3-month pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2018-2019. Alabama community pharmacists were recruited by email, phone, fax, and mailed postcards and randomized to intervention (monthly resources/reminders + educational webinar) or control (monthly resources/reminders + delayed educational webinar). Outcome measures were assessed via online surveys at baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3-months post-intervention (T3), including: naloxone knowledge (percent correct); perceived barriers, attitudes, and confidence regarding naloxone services implementation (7-point Likert-type scale, 1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree); and number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed. Mean differences between control and intervention groups from T1-T3 were assessed using two-way mixed ANOVA and adjusted analyses were conducted using generalized estimating equations (GEE) with negative binomial distribution (alpha=0.05).
연구 개요
연구 유형
등록 (실제)
단계
- 해당 없음
연락처 및 위치
연구 장소
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Alabama
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Auburn, Alabama, 미국, 36849
- Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy
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참여기준
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
연구 대상 성별
설명
Inclusion Criteria:
- Registered pharmacists.
- Employed at least 30 hours per week at a community pharmacy.
- Employed at a community pharmacy located in one of 20 Alabama priority counties with the highest opioid overdose mortality rates.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Multiple pharmacists from the same pharmacy site.
- Members of the stakeholder panel (from the formative phase of the study).
공부 계획
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
- 주 목적: 건강 서비스 연구
- 할당: 무작위
- 중재 모델: 병렬 할당
- 마스킹: 없음(오픈 라벨)
무기와 개입
참가자 그룹 / 팔 |
개입 / 치료 |
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실험적: Intervention
The intervention group received naloxone resources + monthly reminders + educational webinar.
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At month 1 of the study period, the educational webinar was presented by expert speakers and consisted of 3 modules: 1) naloxone basics; 2) naloxone service implementation strategies; and 3) naloxone recommendation communication strategies.
Participants were mailed naloxone nasal spray and auto-injector training devices prior to attending the online webinar so that they could follow along during demonstrations.
다른 이름들:
After completing the baseline survey, both control and intervention groups were provided with a basic publicly available flyer about naloxone dosage forms in order to ensure all participants could provide adequate patient care.
다른 이름들:
Reminders consisted of monthly emails from investigators for the purpose of retaining study engagement.
다른 이름들:
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간섭 없음: Control
The control group received naloxone resources + monthly reminders + delayed educational webinar (after the 3-month study period).
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연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
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Change in naloxone knowledge from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
기간: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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Knowledge about naloxone was measured via online survey.
Knowledge was measured as percent correct on a 7-item index adapted from Williams' (2013) Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale (OOKS).
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3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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Change in perceived barriers from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
기간: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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Perceived barriers to adoption/implementation of pharmacy-based naloxone services was measured via online survey.
Barriers (20-items) were measured using 7-point Likert-type scales (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree) and informed by Nielsen et al (2016) and Williams' (2013) Opioid Overdose Attitude Scale (OOAS).
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3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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Change in attitudes from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
기간: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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Attitudes regarding pharmacy-based naloxone services was measured via online survey.
Attitudes (15-items) were measured using 7-point Likert-type scales (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree) and informed by Nielsen et al (2016) and Williams' (2013) Opioid Overdose Attitude Scale (OOAS).
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3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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Change in confidence from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
기간: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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Confidence in performing naloxone dispensing behaviors was measured via online survey.
Confidence (10-items) was measured using 7-point Likert-type scales (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree) and informed by Nielsen et al (2016) and Williams' (2013) Opioid Overdose Attitude Scale (OOAS).
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3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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Change in intention from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
기간: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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Intention to dispense naloxone or perform naloxone services in the next three months was measured via online survey.
The 5-item intention construct was measured using a 7-point Likert-type scale from 1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree and informed by an existing intention measure by Urmie et al (2007).
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3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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2차 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
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Change in number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed from baseline to 3 months post-intervention
기간: 3 months: baseline (T1) and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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The number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed over 3 months before and after the intervention was assessed via self-report at T1 and T3.
Participants utilized national drug codes (NDCs) within their pharmacy dispensing software to identify naloxone dispensing information.
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3 months: baseline (T1) and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
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공동 작업자 및 조사자
수사관
- 수석 연구원: Lindsey Hohmann, PharmD, PhD, Auburn University
간행물 및 유용한 링크
연구 기록 날짜
연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작 (실제)
기본 완료 (실제)
연구 완료 (실제)
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
처음 게시됨 (실제)
연구 기록 업데이트
마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
마지막으로 확인됨
추가 정보
이 연구와 관련된 용어
추가 관련 MeSH 약관
기타 연구 ID 번호
- R36HS026669-01A1 (미국 AHRQ 보조금/계약)
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD) 계획
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD)를 공유할 계획입니까?
IPD 계획 설명
약물 및 장치 정보, 연구 문서
미국 FDA 규제 의약품 연구
미국 FDA 규제 기기 제품 연구
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