Denne side blev automatisk oversat, og nøjagtigheden af ​​oversættelsen er ikke garanteret. Der henvises til engelsk version for en kildetekst.

Preventing Opioid Overdose Deaths by Empowering Pharmacists to Dispense Naloxone

13. oktober 2021 opdateret af: Lindsey Hohmann, Auburn University

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the Empowering Community Pharmacists program on pharmacists' knowledge, perceived barriers, attitudes, confidence, and intentions regarding naloxone services implementation, as well as change in number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed.

Methods: A 3-month pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2018-2019. Alabama community pharmacists were recruited by email, phone, fax, and mailed postcards and randomized to intervention (monthly resources/reminders + educational webinar) or control (monthly resources/reminders + delayed educational webinar). Outcome measures were assessed via online surveys at baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3-months post-intervention (T3), including: naloxone knowledge (percent correct); perceived barriers, attitudes, and confidence regarding naloxone services implementation (7-point Likert-type scale, 1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree); and number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed. Mean differences between control and intervention groups from T1-T3 were assessed using two-way mixed ANOVA and adjusted analyses were conducted using generalized estimating equations (GEE) with negative binomial distribution (alpha=0.05).

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

55

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Forenede Stater
    • Alabama
      • Auburn, Alabama, Forenede Stater, 36849
        • Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

18 år og ældre (Voksen, Ældre voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Registered pharmacists.
  • Employed at least 30 hours per week at a community pharmacy.
  • Employed at a community pharmacy located in one of 20 Alabama priority counties with the highest opioid overdose mortality rates.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Multiple pharmacists from the same pharmacy site.
  • Members of the stakeholder panel (from the formative phase of the study).

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Sundhedstjenesteforskning
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Intervention
The intervention group received naloxone resources + monthly reminders + educational webinar.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Educational Webinar
At month 1 of the study period, the educational webinar was presented by expert speakers and consisted of 3 modules: 1) naloxone basics; 2) naloxone service implementation strategies; and 3) naloxone recommendation communication strategies. Participants were mailed naloxone nasal spray and auto-injector training devices prior to attending the online webinar so that they could follow along during demonstrations.
Andre navne:
  • Empowering Community Pharmacists Webinar
Adfærdsmæssigt: Resources
After completing the baseline survey, both control and intervention groups were provided with a basic publicly available flyer about naloxone dosage forms in order to ensure all participants could provide adequate patient care.
Andre navne:
  • Flyers
Adfærdsmæssigt: Reminders
Reminders consisted of monthly emails from investigators for the purpose of retaining study engagement.
Andre navne:
  • Nudge
Ingen indgriben: Control
The control group received naloxone resources + monthly reminders + delayed educational webinar (after the 3-month study period).

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in naloxone knowledge from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
Tidsramme: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
Knowledge about naloxone was measured via online survey. Knowledge was measured as percent correct on a 7-item index adapted from Williams' (2013) Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale (OOKS).
3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
Change in perceived barriers from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
Tidsramme: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
Perceived barriers to adoption/implementation of pharmacy-based naloxone services was measured via online survey. Barriers (20-items) were measured using 7-point Likert-type scales (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree) and informed by Nielsen et al (2016) and Williams' (2013) Opioid Overdose Attitude Scale (OOAS).
3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
Change in attitudes from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
Tidsramme: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
Attitudes regarding pharmacy-based naloxone services was measured via online survey. Attitudes (15-items) were measured using 7-point Likert-type scales (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree) and informed by Nielsen et al (2016) and Williams' (2013) Opioid Overdose Attitude Scale (OOAS).
3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
Change in confidence from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
Tidsramme: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
Confidence in performing naloxone dispensing behaviors was measured via online survey. Confidence (10-items) was measured using 7-point Likert-type scales (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree) and informed by Nielsen et al (2016) and Williams' (2013) Opioid Overdose Attitude Scale (OOAS).
3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
Change in intention from baseline to immediately post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention
Tidsramme: 3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
Intention to dispense naloxone or perform naloxone services in the next three months was measured via online survey. The 5-item intention construct was measured using a 7-point Likert-type scale from 1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree and informed by an existing intention measure by Urmie et al (2007).
3 months: baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3)

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed from baseline to 3 months post-intervention
Tidsramme: 3 months: baseline (T1) and 3 months post-intervention (T3)
The number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed over 3 months before and after the intervention was assessed via self-report at T1 and T3. Participants utilized national drug codes (NDCs) within their pharmacy dispensing software to identify naloxone dispensing information.
3 months: baseline (T1) and 3 months post-intervention (T3)

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Auburn University

Samarbejdspartnere

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Lindsey Hohmann, PharmD, PhD, Auburn University

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Generelle publikationer

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

18. september 2018

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

18. september 2019

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

18. september 2019

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

4. oktober 2021

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

13. oktober 2021

Først opslået (Faktiske)

26. oktober 2021

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

26. oktober 2021

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

13. oktober 2021

Sidst verificeret

1. oktober 2021

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • R36HS026669-01A1 (U.S.A. AHRQ bevilling/kontrakt)

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

Ingen

IPD-planbeskrivelse

In order to protect confidentiality of participants, data will not be shared.

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-reguleret lægemiddelprodukt

Ingen

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-reguleret enhedsprodukt

Ingen

Disse oplysninger blev hentet direkte fra webstedet clinicaltrials.gov uden ændringer. Hvis du har nogen anmodninger om at ændre, fjerne eller opdatere dine undersøgelsesoplysninger, bedes du kontakte register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en ændring er implementeret på clinicaltrials.gov, vil denne også blive opdateret automatisk på vores hjemmeside .

Kliniske forsøg med Opioid overdosis

Kliniske forsøg med Educational Webinar

Søg i lignende forsøg

Sponsorer og samarbejdspartnere

Medicinske tilstande

Narkotikainterventioner

CROs by country

CROs in Djibouti

Betingelser

Sjældne sygdomme

Narkotikainterventioner

Kosttilskud

Sponsor / samarbejdspartnere

Placeringer

Abonner