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The Effect of Brain Endurance Training on Motor Skill Learning in Adolescents With Mild Mental Fatigue

3 augustus 2026 bijgewerkt door: Yunliang Zhang
Objective: To investigate the effects of brain endurance training on improving motor skill learning in adolescents with mild mental fatigue. Methods: Fifty-eight adolescents experiencing mild mental fatigue were recruited. A 6-week training program was conducted using a 2 (BET group, control group) × 2 (pre- and post-Stroop task) × 3 (0, 3, 6 weeks) mixed-design experimental design. Assessments included basketball free throws, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS-MF), the 3-minute Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT-B), the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) to assess performance before and after a 30-minute Stroop task.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Nog niet aan het werven

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Geschat)

58

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Volwassen

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Participants assessed as having mild mental fatigue using the Mental Fatigue VAS scale
  • No prior experience in learning specific motor skills
  • In good physical health, with no history of central nervous system disorders, musculoskeletal injuries, or mental health conditions

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Individuals with moderate to severe mental fatigue or no mental fatigue
  • Individuals with moderate to severe mental fatigue or no mental fatigue
  • Individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, chronic headaches, ADHD, anxiety, or depression - Individuals who have sustained a musculoskeletal injury within the past month and are unable to complete standardized exercise routines
  • Individuals taking medications that affect central nervous system function on a long-term basis, or who have consumed caffeine, energy drinks, or alcohol within 24 hours prior to the experiment - Individuals with persistent sleep disorders
  • Individuals unable to cooperate in completing cognitive endurance training and motor skill tests.Individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, chronic headaches, ADHD, anxiety, or depression
  • Individuals who have sustained a musculoskeletal injury within the past month and are unable to complete standardized exercise routines
  • Individuals taking medications that affect central nervous system function on a long-term basis, or who have consumed caffeine, energy drinks, or alcohol within 24 hours prior to the experiment
  • Individuals with persistent sleep disorders - Individuals unable to cooperate in completing cognitive endurance training and motor skill tests.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Behandeling
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
  • Masker: Dubbele

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: BET
During training, the BET group completed a 20-minute 2-back task [28]; after a 5-minute break, they performed free-throw-related physical and technical training. The training content, intensity, and workload were identical for both groups, and the presentation timing and intervals of the 2-back task stimuli were adjusted every two weeks [18]. During testing, both the BET group and the control group completed 20 free-throw attempts and a 1-minute free-throw test [29] before and after the 30-minute Stroop task, and underwent PVT-B, VAS-MF, and RPE assessments.
Gedragsmatig: Motor Skill Learning
During training, the BET group completed a 20-minute 2-back task [28], followed by a 5-minute break, after which they performed free-throw-related physical and technical training. The presentation timing and intervals of the 2-back task stimuli were adjusted every two weeks [18]. During testing, the BET group completed 20 free-throw trials and a 1-minute free-throw test [29] before and after the 30-minute Stroop task, and underwent PVT-B, VAS-MF, and RPE assessments.
Gedragsmatig: Motor Skill Learning
The BET group and the control group underwent physical and technical training related to free throws; the training content, intensity, and workload were identical for both groups. While the BET group performed cognitive tasks, the control group rested in place. During testing, the control group completed a 20-free-throw test and a 1-minute free-throw test [29] before and after the 30-minute Stroop task, and underwent PVT-B, VAS-MF, and RPE assessments.
Experimenteel: Control
The BET group and the control group underwent the same physical and technical training related to free throws; the training content, intensity, and workload were identical for both groups. While the BET group performed cognitive tasks, the control group rested in place. The presentation timing and intervals of the 2-back task stimuli were adjusted every two weeks [18]. During testing, both the BET group and the control group completed 20 free-throw trials and a 1-minute free-throw test [29] before and after the 30-minute Stroop task, and underwent PVT-B, VAS-MF, and RPE assessments.
Gedragsmatig: Motor Skill Learning
During training, the BET group completed a 20-minute 2-back task [28], followed by a 5-minute break, after which they performed free-throw-related physical and technical training. The presentation timing and intervals of the 2-back task stimuli were adjusted every two weeks [18]. During testing, the BET group completed 20 free-throw trials and a 1-minute free-throw test [29] before and after the 30-minute Stroop task, and underwent PVT-B, VAS-MF, and RPE assessments.
Gedragsmatig: Motor Skill Learning
The BET group and the control group underwent physical and technical training related to free throws; the training content, intensity, and workload were identical for both groups. While the BET group performed cognitive tasks, the control group rested in place. During testing, the control group completed a 20-free-throw test and a 1-minute free-throw test [29] before and after the 30-minute Stroop task, and underwent PVT-B, VAS-MF, and RPE assessments.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Tijdsspanne
Number of Free Throws Made in Basketball
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
Number of Free Throws in 1 Minute
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
Free throws made in 1 minute
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
VAS-MF
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
The 10cm VAS-MF was used to assess the degree of mental fatigue. The scale consists of an unmarked horizontal line, with the left end (0 = not at all fatigued) and the right end (10 = completely fatigued) representing the lowest and highest states of this dimension, respectively. Participants are instructed by the examiner to draw a vertical line on the scale that reflects their immediate feelings. A quantitative score is derived by measuring the physical distance (0-10 cm) from the left end of the scale to the marked point.
From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
RPE
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
The Borg Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale assesses perceived exertion (0-10); participants indicate their perceived exertion level using their fingers.
From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
At the time of the reaction
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6
All cognitive tasks were conducted using E-Prime 3.0 software. During the 3-minute PVT-B reaction time test, a visual stimulus lasting 1-8 seconds was first presented in the center of the computer screen; participants were instructed to press the "space" key as quickly as possible to respond, after which the screen went blank for 500 ms before proceeding to the next cycle.
From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Yunliang Zhang

Publicaties en nuttige links

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Nuttige links

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

2 augustus 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

13 september 2026

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

19 september 2026

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

25 juli 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

3 augustus 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

5 augustus 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

5 augustus 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

3 augustus 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 juli 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • TJUS2025-134

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

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JA

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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