Challenges, facilitators and barriers to screening study participants in early disease stages-experience from the MACUSTAR study

Jan Henrik Terheyden, Charlotte Behning, Anna Lüning, Ludmila Wintergerst, Pier G Basile, Diana Tavares, Beatriz A Melício, Sergio Leal, George Weissgerber, Ulrich F O Luhmann, David P Crabb, Adnan Tufail, Carel Hoyng, Moritz Berger, Matthias Schmid, Rufino Silva, Cecília V Martinho, José Cunha-Vaz, Frank G Holz, Robert P Finger, MACUSTAR consortium, H Agostini, F Bandello, P Basile, C Behning, M Berger, A Binns, M Böttger, C Bouchet, J E Brazier, T Butt, C Carapezzi, J Carlton, A Carneiro, A Charil, R Coimbra, D P Crabb, J Cunha-Vaz, C Dahlke, H Dunbar, M Durbin, R P Finger, E Fletcher, H Floyd, R Hogg, F G Holz, C Hoyng, J Krätzschmar, L Kühlewein, M Larsen, S Leal, U Luhmann, A Lüning, C Martinho, B Melício, S Mohand-Said, S Nunes, M Parravano, D Pauleikhoff, M Pfau, S Pondorfer, S Poor, S Priglinger, D Rowen, G S Rubin, J Sahel, D Sanches Fernandes, C Sánchez, M Saßmannshausen, M Schmid, S Schmitz-Valckenberg, H Schrinner-Fenske, R Silva, A Skelly, E Souied, G Staurenghi, L Stöhr, D Tavares, D J Taylor, J H Terheyden, S Thiele, A Tufail, J Werner, G Weissgerber, L Wintergerst, C Wojek, N Zakaria, Jan Henrik Terheyden, Charlotte Behning, Anna Lüning, Ludmila Wintergerst, Pier G Basile, Diana Tavares, Beatriz A Melício, Sergio Leal, George Weissgerber, Ulrich F O Luhmann, David P Crabb, Adnan Tufail, Carel Hoyng, Moritz Berger, Matthias Schmid, Rufino Silva, Cecília V Martinho, José Cunha-Vaz, Frank G Holz, Robert P Finger, MACUSTAR consortium, H Agostini, F Bandello, P Basile, C Behning, M Berger, A Binns, M Böttger, C Bouchet, J E Brazier, T Butt, C Carapezzi, J Carlton, A Carneiro, A Charil, R Coimbra, D P Crabb, J Cunha-Vaz, C Dahlke, H Dunbar, M Durbin, R P Finger, E Fletcher, H Floyd, R Hogg, F G Holz, C Hoyng, J Krätzschmar, L Kühlewein, M Larsen, S Leal, U Luhmann, A Lüning, C Martinho, B Melício, S Mohand-Said, S Nunes, M Parravano, D Pauleikhoff, M Pfau, S Pondorfer, S Poor, S Priglinger, D Rowen, G S Rubin, J Sahel, D Sanches Fernandes, C Sánchez, M Saßmannshausen, M Schmid, S Schmitz-Valckenberg, H Schrinner-Fenske, R Silva, A Skelly, E Souied, G Staurenghi, L Stöhr, D Tavares, D J Taylor, J H Terheyden, S Thiele, A Tufail, J Werner, G Weissgerber, L Wintergerst, C Wojek, N Zakaria

Abstract

Background: Recruiting asymptomatic participants with early disease stages into studies is challenging and only little is known about facilitators and barriers to screening and recruitment of study participants. Thus we assessed factors associated with screening rates in the MACUSTAR study, a multi-centre, low-interventional cohort study of early stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Screening rates per clinical site and per week were compiled and applicable recruitment factors were assigned to respective time periods. A generalized linear mixed-effects model including the most relevant recruitment factors identified via in-depth interviews with study personnel was fitted to the screening data. Only participants with intermediate AMD were considered.

Results: A total of 766 individual screenings within 87 weeks were available for analysis. The mean screening rate was 0.6 ± 0.9 screenings per week among all sites. The participation at investigator teleconferences (relative risk increase 1.466, 95% CI [1.018-2.112]), public holidays (relative risk decrease 0.466, 95% CI [0.367-0.591]) and reaching 80% of the site's recruitment target (relative risk decrease 0.699, 95% CI [0.367-0.591]) were associated with the number of screenings at an individual site level.

Conclusions: Careful planning of screening activities is necessary when recruiting early disease stages in multi-centre observational or low-interventional studies. Conducting teleconferences with local investigators can increase screening rates. When planning recruitment, seasonal and saturation effects at clinical site level need to be taken into account.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03349801 . Registered on 22 November 2017.

Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration; Cohort study; Early disease stages; Recruitment; Screening.

Conflict of interest statement

J. H. Terheyden: Heidelberg Engineering, Optos, Carl Zeiss MedicTec, CenterVue.

C. Behning: None.

A. Lüning: Heidelberg Engineering, Optos, Carl Zeiss MedicTec, CenterVue.

L. Wintergerst: Heidelberg Engineering, Optos, Carl Zeiss MedicTec, CenterVue.

P. G. Basile: None.

D. Tavares: None.

B. A. Melício: None.

S. Leal: Employee of Bayer AG.

G. Weissgerber: Employee of Novartis Pharma AG.

U. F. O. Luhmann: Employee of F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.

D. P. Crabb: Allergan, Roche, Santen, Centervue.

A. Tufail: None.

C. Hoyng: Optos, Bayer.

M. Berger: None.

M. Schmid: Pixum Vision.

R. Silva: Allergan, Allimera Sciences, Alcon, Bayer, Novartis, Thea.

C. V. Martinho: EVICR.net

J. Cunha-Vaz: Alimera Sciences, Allergan, Bayer, Gene Signal, Novartis, Pfizer, Precision Ocular Ltd., Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Vifor Pharma and Carl Zeiss Meditec, EVICR.net

F. G. Holz: Acucela, Allergan, Apellis, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bioeq/Formycon, CenterVue, Ellex, Roche/Genentech, Geuder, Grayburg Vision, Heidelberg Engineering, Kanghong, LinBioscience, NightStarX, Novartis, Optos, Pixium, Vision, Oxurion, Stealth BioTherapeutics, Zeiss.

R. P. Finger: Novartis, Bayer, Allergan, Alimera, Roche/Genentech, Santhera, Opthea, Inositec, Ellex, CentreVue, Zeiss, Heidelberg Engineering.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Participants screened and participants eligible for the MACUSTAR study with intermediate age-related macular degeneration as well as number of active sites and factors impacting screenings, displayed per week since start of recruitment at the first study site (80% target reached refers to individual clinical sites; all other factors are global). The blue curves represent cumulative numbers; the grey curve represents numbers per week

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Source: PubMed

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