Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of standardized herbal extracts

Bhaskarmurthy Deepak Hiraganahalli, Velusami Chandrasekaran Chinampudur, Shekhar Dethe, Deepak Mundkinajeddu, Manoj Kumar Pandre, Jaya Balachandran, Amit Agarwal, Bhaskarmurthy Deepak Hiraganahalli, Velusami Chandrasekaran Chinampudur, Shekhar Dethe, Deepak Mundkinajeddu, Manoj Kumar Pandre, Jaya Balachandran, Amit Agarwal

Abstract

Background: Phyllanthus emblica, Camellia sinensis, Mangifera indica, Punica granatum, and Acacia catechu have been shown to possess widespread pharmacological application against multitude of diseases namely cancer, diabetes, liver disorders, and oxidative stress.

Objective: We evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of the standardized herbal extracts against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BH) induced toxicity and their mechanism of hepatoprotective action in human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2 cell line).

Materials and methods: The hepatoprotective activity was studied by observing the effect of these herbal extracts on t-BH induced reduction in cell viability of HepG2 cells. In addition, the reducing power of the extracts and their ability to scavenge free radicals were evaluated using two antioxidant assay systems: cell free [oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid)] (ABTS)] and cell based [cellular antioxidant activity (CAA)].

Results and discussion: The results obtained showed that these extracts possess significant hepatoprotective activity. This may indicate that the plant extracts contain compounds, which can remove toxic metabolites following t-BH induced toxicity. The extracts exhibited significant antioxidant property as evident by the Trolox values and effective scavenging of DPPH and ABTS radicals. The extracts also demonstrated inhibition of AAPH-induced fluorescence in HepG2 cells. These results indicate the ability of the plant extracts to protect the liver cells from chemical-induced damage, which might be correlated to their radical scavenging potential.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that these extracts have potential hepatoprotective activity which is mainly attributed to the antioxidant potential, which might occur by reduction of lipid peroxidation and cellular damage.

Keywords: Acacia catechu; Camellia sinensis; Mangifera indica; Phyllanthus emblica; Punica granatum; cellular antioxidant activity assay; hepatoprotection.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effect of P. emblica, C. sinensis, M. indica, P. granatum, A. catechu, and silymarin on t-BH (1 mM) induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. The values are expressed as mean ± SD. The criterion for statistical significance was *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01
Figure 2
Figure 2
In vitro antioxidant activity of the (a) Quercetin, (b) P. emblica, (c) M. indica, (d) C. sinensis, (e) P. granatum, and (f) A. catechu at various concentrations as carried out by the CAA assay. The curves shown in the graph are from a single experiment which demonstrates the inhibition of increased fluorescence from DCF formation in a dose-dependent manner

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