The effect of exenatide on fasting bile acids in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, a pilot study

Boyu Li, Yanjin Hu, Guang Wang, Lihong Liu, Boyu Li, Yanjin Hu, Guang Wang, Lihong Liu

Abstract

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) demonstrated good glycemic efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) recent years, whereas studies on GLP-1 RAs' biliary effects were limited. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effect of exenatide on bile acids (BAs) and investigate the role of BAs in the glycemic control effect of exenatide.

Methods: Thirty-eight newly diagnosed T2DM participants without glucose-lowering drugs intake were recruited. Plasma total bile acids in fasting state (FTBAs) and other parameters were tested at baseline. Then exenatide were applied to the T2DM participants for 12 weeks. FTBAs and glycemic parameters were measured again after exenatide treatment, and correlation analysis between changes of FTBAs and glycemic parameters were conducted to investigate the role of BAs in the glycemic control effect of exenatide.

Results: The baseline FTBAs level of T2DM patients had no significance (3.84 ± 2.06 vs. 3.87 ± 2.89, P = 0.954) compared with healthy subjects. After 12-week exenatide treatment for the T2DM patients, FTBAs were decreased from 3.84 ± 2.06 μmol/L to 3.06 ± 1.27 μmol/L (P < 0.01). The correlation analysis showed that changes of FTBAs was positively correlated with changes of FPG (r = 0.355, P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Our results demonstrated a decreased FTBAs level after exenatide treatment for 12 weeks, without the interference of metformin and other glucose-lowering drugs. The reduction of FTBAs might not exert a positive role in the glycemic control effect of exenatide.

Trial registration: Trial registration number: NCT04303819. Registered in March 11, 2020 - Retrospectively registered.

Keywords: Bile acids; Exenatide; Glycemic control; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Changes of glycemic parameters after 12-week exenatide treatment for T2DM patients. a change of FTBAs; b change of FPG; c change of HOMA-IR; d change of HOMA-B. ##P < 0.01 vs. pre-treatment
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Correlations between changes of FTBAs (ΔFTBAs) and glycemic parameters (ΔFPG, ΔHOMA-B) after 12-week exenatide treatment for T2DM patients. a correlation between ΔFTBAs and ΔFPG; b correlation between ΔFTBAs and ΔHOMA-B

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