Chimeric Antigen Receptors: A Cell and Gene Therapy Perspective

Isabelle Rivière, Michel Sadelain, Isabelle Rivière, Michel Sadelain

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic receptors that reprogram T lymphocytes to target chosen antigens. The targeting of CD19, a cell surface molecule expressed in the vast majority of leukemias and lymphomas, has been successfully translated in the clinic, earning CAR therapy a special distinction in the selection of "cancer immunotherapy" by Science as the breakthrough of the year in 2013. CD19 CAR therapy is predicated on advances in genetic engineering, T cell biology, tumor immunology, synthetic biology, target identification, cell manufacturing sciences, and regulatory compliance-the central tenets of CAR therapy. Here, we review two of these foundations: the genetic engineering approaches and cell types to engineer.

Keywords: CAR; T cells; genetic engineering; genome editing; immunotherapy; vectors.

Copyright © 2017 The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Assembling a CAR CAR therapy is predicated on cell engineering and the convergence of multiple disciplines and technologies.

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