Nanostructured metal coatings on polymers increase osteoblast attachment

Chang Yao, Dan Storey, Thomas J Webster, Chang Yao, Dan Storey, Thomas J Webster

Abstract

Bioactive coatings are in high demand to increase the functions of cells for numerous medical devices. The objective of this in vitro study was to characterize osteoblast (bone-forming cell) adhesion on several potential orthopedic polymeric materials (specifically, polyetheretherketone, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene) coated with either titanium or gold using a novel Ionic Plasma Deposition process which creates a surface-engineered nanostructure (with features below 100 nm). Results demonstrated that compared to currently-used titanium and uncoated polymers, polymers coated with either titanium or gold using Ionic Plasma Deposition significantly increased osteoblast adhesion. Qualitative cell morphology results supported quantitative adhesion results as increased osteoblast cell spreading was observed on coated polymers compared to uncoated polymers. In this manner, this in vitro study strongly suggests that Ionic Plasma Deposition should be further studied for creating nanometer surface features on a wide variety of materials to enhance osteoblast functions necessary for orthopedic applications.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Low magnification (1000x) SEM images of surfaces of (a-c) PEEK, (d-f) UHMWPE, and (g-i) PTFE before and after coating with either Ti or Au by IPD. (a)(d)(g) are original polymer surfaces while (b)(e)(h) are respective surfaces coated with Ti and (c)(f)(i) with Au.
Figure 2
Figure 2
High magnification (80,000× or 100,000×) SEM images of surfaces of (a-c) PEEK, (d-f) UHMWPE, and (g-i) PTFE before and after coating with either Ti or Au by IPD. (a)(d)(g) are original polymer surfaces while (b)(e)(h) are respective surfaces coated with Ti and (c)(f)(i) with Au.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Osteoblast adhesion on PEEK (uncoated, coated with Ti and coated with Au), UHMWPE (uncoated, coated with Ti and coated with Au), and PTFE (uncoated, coated with Ti and coated with Au). Data = mean ± STDEV; n = 4; * p

Figure 4

Selective osteoblast morphologies after the…

Figure 4

Selective osteoblast morphologies after the 4 h adhesion tests on: ( a )…

Figure 4
Selective osteoblast morphologies after the 4 h adhesion tests on: (a) uncoated PEEK, (b) uncoated UHMWPE, (c) uncoated PTFE, (d) PEEK coated with Ti, (e) UHMWPE coated with Ti, (f) PEEK coated with Au and (g) uncoated Ti. Scale bars = 2 μm in (a), (b), (d), and (g) and 3 μm in (c), (e), and (f). Note that these regions were chosen to highlight individual cell morphology and do not necessarily correspond to cell densities presented in Figure 3.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Selective osteoblast morphologies after the 4 h adhesion tests on: (a) uncoated PEEK, (b) uncoated UHMWPE, (c) uncoated PTFE, (d) PEEK coated with Ti, (e) UHMWPE coated with Ti, (f) PEEK coated with Au and (g) uncoated Ti. Scale bars = 2 μm in (a), (b), (d), and (g) and 3 μm in (c), (e), and (f). Note that these regions were chosen to highlight individual cell morphology and do not necessarily correspond to cell densities presented in Figure 3.

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Source: PubMed

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